Thinking Logically (1)

What is often represented by boolean expressions in programming?

• Functions

• Loops

• Decisions

• Variables

Answer explanation

Boolean expressions in programming are often used to make decisions, hence they are represented by 'Decisions' in the context of the given question.

Which statement is used as part of a selection statement causing code to branch?

• For loop

• If then

• While do loop

• Loop until

Answer explanation

The correct choice 'If then' is used as part of a selection statement causing code to branch based on a condition.

What should happens if a password is incorrect?

• The user is asked for their password again

• The computer shuts down

• The number of incorrect login attempts is decreased

• The account is immediately locked

Answer explanation

If a password is incorrect, the user is asked for their password again, allowing them another chance to input the correct password.

What could a logical consequence be of entering the wrong PIN more than three times at an ATM?

• The account is locked

• The user is granted access

• The PIN is reset

• The user receives a warning

Answer explanation

Having more than three incorrect login attempts can lead to the account being locked as a logical consequence.

What type of decision could use a switch or select case statement?

• A decision that does not affect the program flow

• A decision that causes a loop to exit

• A decision with multiple selection paths

• A true or false situation

Answer explanation

A switch or select case statement is used for a decision with multiple selection paths, making it the correct choice.

Which loop might be used if a decision causes a loop to be entered or exited?

• For loop

• If then else statement

• Switch statement

• Boolean expression

Answer explanation

The for loop might be used if a decision causes a loop to be entered or exited, making it the correct choice in this scenario.

Why is it important to identify the points in a solution where a decision needs to be taken?

• To simplify the code

• To correctly branch or loop the code

• To ensure the program is error-free

• To make the program run faster

Answer explanation

Identifying points where decisions need to be taken is crucial to correctly branch or loop the code, ensuring the program functions as intended.

What is the result of using a 'break' statement inside a loop?

• The loop immediately stops and exits

• The loop skips the current iteration and continues

• The loop's condition is re-evaluated

• The loop continues indefinitely

Answer explanation

The 'break' statement inside a loop immediately stops and exits the loop, terminating its execution.

Which data structure uses a FIFO (First In, First Out) method?

• Array

• Stack

• Queue

• Linked List

Answer explanation

Queue is the data structure that uses a FIFO (First In, First Out) method, where the first element added is the first to be removed.

Which data type is typically used to store a true or false value?

• Integer

• Boolean

• String

• Float

Answer explanation

Boolean data type is typically used to store a true or false value.