3rd 9 Weeks Test Review

The Enlightenment philosophers inspired later political revolution because of their support for —

• mercantilism

• natural rights

• imperialist policies

• divine right of kings

A major contributing factor to the start of an independence movement in the American colonies was —

• the failure of the colonists to follow the British laws

• a disagreement over the use of enslaved labor in the colonies

• a worsening famine brought about by poor harvests in the colonies

• the lack of representation of the colonists in the British parliament

What is one way that France and the American colonies differed at the onset of their revolutions?

• The French were more nationalistic than the American colonists.

• Americans were committed to nonviolent ways of fighting for change.

• American colonists had already outlawed the practice of enslaving people.

• France suffered more severe economic problems than the American colonists.

Following the defeat of Napoleon, European powers came together at the Congress of Vienna in order to —

• restore a balance of power in Europe

• return the French monarch to the throne

• support the creation of a united German territory

• establish democratic governments throughout Europe

How did the defeat of Spain and Portugal during the Napoleonic Wars help to bring about political changes in Latin America?

• It made Napoleon the ruler of Latin America.

• It provided Latin Americans the opportunity to rebel.

• It allowed the British to establish colonies in Latin America.

• It meant that French laws were applied to the Latin American colonies.

Which of the following best describes how the boundaries established by the Congress of Vienna affected events in European history?

• The new boundaries served to lessen the power of the Russian Empire.

• The new boundaries created a buffer zone between Russia and Eastern Europe.

• The new boundaries were a step towards the creation of a unified German territory.

• The new boundaries ensured that France kept control of the land conquered by Napoleon.

How did the ideas of Enlightenment philosophes, such as the separation of powers, influence the political revolutions of the eighteenth century?

• The ideas became the focus of debates between monarchs and parliaments.

• The ideas were used to create a series of slogans and mottos to rally the troops.

• The ideas were used by monarchs to argue against the changes made by revolutionary leaders.

• The ideas became incorporated into constitutional documents produced during the revolutions.

One characteristic of an absolute monarchy includes —

• the glorification of the nation by all citizens

• a sharing of power between a ruler and a parliament

• centralized control of all political processes by the ruler

• an elected representative body for passage of legislation

What impact does the Bill of Rights have on society in the United States?

• U.S. citizens are obligated to vote during elections.

• U.S. citizens are provided employment opportunities.

• U.S. citizens are guaranteed specific legal protections.

• U.S. citizens are free from any government intervention in their lives.

Montesquieu’s ideas influenced early leaders of the United States to create a government characterized by —

• an amendment process

• a separation of powers

• political rights for women

• a powerful executive branch