El subjuntivo

The subjunctive tense is used to express:

• certainty that an event will occur

• events that have been completed

• uncertainty that an event will occur

• events that were habitual or repeated

For -ER verbs, to form the present subjunctive: start with the present tense yo form, drop the o, and add...

• e, es, e, emos, en

• é, aste, ó, amos, aron

• í, iste, ió, imos, ieron

• a, as, a, amos, an

For -AR verbs, to form the present subjunctive: start with the present tense yo form, drop the o, and add...

• o, as, a, amos, an

• e, es, e, emos, en

• é, aste, ó, amos, aron

• í, iste, ió, imos, ieron

Subjunctive sentences must have all of the following EXCEPT:

• two subjects

• que

• two verbs (one regular present tense, and one subjunctive)

• an infinitive verb

Hopefully it stops snowing! Yuck!

• indicative

• subjunctive

My mom recommends that we clean the bathroom.

• indicative

• subjunctive

There is a girl that speaks five languages.

• indicative

• subjunctive

The students request that the teacher does not give any homework.

• indicative

• subjunctive

My friends know someone that runs every day.

• indicative

• subjunctive

I have a boyfriend that respects my family.

• indicative

• subjunctive