Unit 3 Test - Genetics

What is the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics called?

• Pedigree

• Genetics

What is a gene?

• A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring

• A type of protein

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

• Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable characteristics.

• Genotype refers to the environmental factors influencing an organism, while phenotype refers to the genetic makeup.

What does a Punnett square predict?

• The genetic makeup of offspring from a particular cross

• The results of a mathematical equation

What is the result of mitosis?

• Four daughter cells with varied genetic information

• Two daughter cells with identical genetic information

What is the result of meiosis?

• Two genetically identical cells

• Four genetically unique cells

What is the term for a gene that is masked when a dominant allele is present?

(a)  

• Recessive
• Dominant
• Co-dominant

What is the term for an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait?

(a)  

• Homozygous
• Heterozygous
• Diploid

What is the term for an organism that has two different alleles for a trait?

(a)  

• Heterozygous
• Homozygous
• Monohybrid

What is a pedigree used for in genetics?

• To determine the gender of an individual

• To trace the inheritance of a specific trait or disease within a family over multiple generations.