Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology

Endocrine glands secrete hormones into what before they enter blood capillaries?

• Ducts

• Body cavities

• Interstitial fluid

• Vascular tissues

How do the nervous and endocrine systems coordinate functions of the body?

• By releasing neurotransmitters and hormones

• Through physical movement and reflexes

• By producing waste products

• Through blood circulation and respiration

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How do hormones reach their target cells in the body?

• By traveling through the nerves of the nervous system

• By entering interstitial fluid and then the bloodstream

• Via direct cell-to-cell contact

• By entering the alimentary canal and then into the lymphatic system

Which gland secretes melatonin?

• Thyroid

• Pineal body

• Adrenal

• Parathyroid

Which pair of hormones is an example of an antagonistic effect?

• Insulin and glucagon

• Epinephrine and thyroid hormones

• Follicle-stimulating hormone and estrogens

• Thyroid hormones and epinephrine

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Where do water-soluble hormones bind in target cells?

• To receptors inside the cell

• To receptors embedded in the plasma membranes

• To receptors on the cell surface

• To enzymes inside the cell

The responsiveness of a target cell to a hormone does NOT depend on which of the following?

• The hormone's concentration in the blood

• The abundance of the target cell's hormone receptors

• The cell's location in the body

• Influences exerted by other hormones

Which of the following is an example of a hormone that operates via positive feedback?

• Insulin

• Thyroxine

• Oxytocin

• Cortisol

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which of the following mediators acts as both a neurotransmitter and a hormone?

• Insulin

• Norepinephrine

• Estrogen

• Acetylcholine

What can happen to the number of hormone receptors in target cells?

• They can only increase.

• They can only decrease.

• They can either decrease (down-regulation) or increase (up-regulation).

• They remain constant throughout life.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3