Gregor Mendel and Basic Genetics

The different forms of a gene are called

• factors

• alleles

• masks

• traits

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An organism’s genotype is its

• physical appearance

• stem height

• genetic makeup

• feather color

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Genes provide the blueprint for making

• leaves

• cells

• hair

• proteins

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An organism’s physical appearance is its

• phenotype

• genotype

• allele

• chromosome

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How many alleles do we inherit for each gene?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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Why did Gregor Mendel use pea plants for his experiments on heredity?

• Peas taste good and are easy to cook.

• Pea plants look very lovely in the garden and produce beautiful flowers.

• Pea plants have easily observable traits, produce several generations in a year, and self pollinate.

• Peas are a good source of vitamin A, vitamin C, folate, thiamine, iron and phosphorus. They are rich in protein, carbohydrates, and fiber and low in fat.

What is heredity?

• The passing of traits from parent to offspring.

• A family tree that shows the relationships between an organism and its ancestors.

• A diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of offspring produced by two parents.

• A notable feature or characteristic of an organism.

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When Gregor Mendel cross fertilized pea plants that had purple flowers with pea plants that had white flowers, the white flower trait disappeared in the offspring. This is because the purple flower trait is ___________________ over the white flower trait.

• dominant

• recessive

• masked

• hidden

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What did Mendel use to represent the "factors" pass on by parent to offspring?

• Capital and lower case letters

• Letters and numbers

• Large and small numbers

• A color scale

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In the Parent (or P) generation, Gregor Mendel cross fertilized pea plants that had purple flowers with pea plants that produced white flowers. In the F1 generation, all the plants produced purple flowers, but Mendel predicted that the white flower factor was still present hidden on the flowers. Mendel used the letters Pp to represent the factors that the F1 generation plants had for flower color. Which term is used to describe the genotype Pp?

• Homozygous dominant

• Heterozygous

• Homozygous recessive

• Heterogeneous mixture

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