SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT IN SCIENCE 9

What causes a shield volcano to be shaped like a broad dome?

If your area is under a volcano warning, what should you do before, during and after an eruption?

• I. Assembling an emergency preparedness kit

• II. If indoors, close all windows, doors, and dampers to keep volcanic ash from entering.

• III. If evacuated, return only when authorities say it is safe to do so.

• IV. Stay outdoors and do recreational activities.

Viscosity is the ability of materials to resist flow. The viscosity of magma decreases with the temperature in which the higher the temperature of magma, the lower its viscosity. How will you describe the sequence of lava flows?

• I. Lava begins to harden.

• II. Lava cools down.

• III. Lava eventually stops

• IV. Lava decreases its ability to flow

Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source. How does geothermal energy is harvested from the Earth?

• I. Steam turns the turbine

• II. Mechanical energy turns to electrical energy

• III. Heat from the Earth

• IV. Heat turns water to steam

Geothermal energy is harvested from the heat energy of the Earth. How do geothermal power plants work?

• I. Hot water is pumped from deep underground through a well under high pressure.

• II. When the water reaches the surface, the pressure is dropped, which causes the water to turn into steam.

• III. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces electricity.

• IV. The steam cools off in a cooling tower and condenses back to water.

• V. The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to begin the process again.

Why do places at the same latitude but different altitudes have different climate?

Why do climates differ across locations with the same latitude but different elevations?

In the recent past, humans have been looking for and trying out alternative sources of renewable energy to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. How can the energy from volcanoes be tapped for human use?

• A. The lava can be used for cooking.

• B. Geothermal energy can be used for heating showers.

• C. The energy from the magma can be used to heat water.

• D. Geothermal energy can be tapped to produce steam that can turn turbine to generate electricity.

There are several sources of energy on Earth. What do you call the heat from the Earth's interior as a source of energy?

• A. hydrothermal energy

• B. geothermal energy

• C. thermal energy

• D. wind energy

Which among the following are the ways to harness geothermal energy?

• A. Solar panels and batteries.

• B. Burning of coal and other fossil fuel

• C. Geothermal heat pumps and plants

• D. Kinetic energy from waterfalls and wind mills