IGCSE Computer Science Cyber Security

What is the purpose of a firewall in cyber security?

• Firewalls are designed to block all network traffic

• Firewalls are used to increase internet speed

• Firewalls are only necessary for personal computers

• The purpose of a firewall in cyber security is to monitor and control network traffic to protect against unauthorized access and cyber attacks.

Explain the concept of encryption in the context of cyber security.

• Encryption is the process of converting data into a code to prevent unauthorized access.

• Encryption is a method used to slow down computer processing speed.

• Encryption is the process of converting data into plain text for easy access.

• Encryption involves sharing sensitive information openly without any protection.

What is a DDoS attack and how can it be prevented?

• Share sensitive information with unauthorized parties

• Use firewalls, intrusion detection systems, load balancers, content delivery networks, have a response plan, and monitor network traffic.

• Ignore network traffic monitoring

• Use outdated software and hardware

Discuss the importance of strong passwords in maintaining cyber security.

• Using the same password for multiple accounts is safe

• Strong passwords are important because they enhance security measures and prevent unauthorized access.

• Cyber security is not affected by password strength

• Weak passwords are better for cyber security

What is phishing and how can individuals protect themselves from it?

• Always provide personal info via email

• Verify sender's email, avoid clicking on suspicious links, never provide personal info via email, use security software, enable two-factor authentication

• Click on all links in emails

• Disable security software

Explain the role of antivirus software in cyber security.

• Antivirus software is not necessary if users are careful about the websites they visit.

• Antivirus software helps protect systems from various forms of malware and cyber threats.

• Antivirus software slows down system performance and should be avoided.

• Antivirus software is only useful for protecting against physical threats, not cyber threats.

What are the common types of malware and how do they affect computer systems?

• Trojans, worms, rootkits, keyloggers, adware, ransomware

• Malware, spyware, adware, ransomware, phishing, trojans

• Viruses, worms, spyware, adware, rootkits, phishing

• Viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, spyware, adware, rootkits

Discuss the concept of two-factor authentication and its significance in cyber security.

• Two-factor authentication is a security risk as it exposes sensitive information to potential attackers.

• Two-factor authentication is not necessary in cyber security and can be bypassed easily.

• Two-factor authentication enhances security by requiring two forms of identification to verify a user's identity, making it harder for attackers to gain unauthorized access.

• Two-factor authentication is a single-step process that only requires one form of identification.

What is social engineering and how can it be used to compromise security?

• Social engineering is a type of software used to enhance social interactions.

• Social engineering is the manipulation of individuals to divulge confidential information or perform actions that compromise security. It can be used through tactics like phishing, pretexting, or baiting to trick people into giving up sensitive data or access.

• Social engineering involves building physical structures to improve social connections.

• Social engineering is a form of engineering focused on environmental sustainability.

Explain the difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms.

• Symmetric encryption is more secure than asymmetric encryption.

• The main difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms is the number of keys used and their roles in the encryption and decryption processes.

• Asymmetric encryption algorithms are faster than symmetric encryption algorithms.

• Symmetric encryption uses different keys for encryption and decryption, while asymmetric encryption uses the same key for both processes.