Keystone Review Unit 1-3

Which statement best explains why these cells have structural differences?

• The cells have different functions.

• The cells evolved in different organisms.

• One of the cells develops into the other type of cell.

• One of the cells is more primitive than the other cell.

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Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms. The cell walls of these microorganisms serve as barriers to chemicals that might affect the processes that occur within a bacterial cell. Antibiotics are a type of substance used to stop bacterial growth. Some antibiotics cause the bacterial cell wall to rupture. The function of which human organ is most like the cell walls of bacteria? 

• heart
• liver
• pancreas
• skin

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Which of the following is essential to proper functioning of

all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms? (BIO.A.1.1.1 2019)

• O₂

• CO₂

• ATP

• NaCl

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Which statement best compares eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells? (BIO.A.1.2.1 2019

• Eukaryotic cells are smaller than prokaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells are more complex than eukaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells contain a distinct central organelle, and eukaryotic cells do not.

• Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, and prokaryotic cells do not.

Lungs and capillaries both have porous linings that allow certain substances to move into or out of the structures. Which function do these porous linings most likely serve in living organisms? (BIO.A.1.2.2 2019

• heat release

• gas exchange

• carbohydrate absorption

• osmotic pressure regulation

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A function of a lipid is________________.

• Short term energy
• Energy storage
• Structures and enzymes
• Hereditary information 

Proteins are made up of long chains of ________________.

• Amino Acids
• Lipids
• Saccharides
• Polysaccharides 

A(n) _______________ is a protein that speeds up that rate of a chemical reaction.

• Muscle 
• Ketone
• Alpha helix
• Enzyme 

This molecule is found in cell membranes forming a bilayer

• Protein
• Phospolipid
• Carbohydrate 
• Nucleic acid 

Of the elements essential to life, _____________________ is a central element in a living organisms organic compounds. 

• Carbon
• Oxygen
• Nitrogen
• Hydrogen