MPSI: EX. Meeting 7

1. Choose the statement that most accurately reflects a comparison between experimental and nonexperimental research: 

• 1. Experimental research aims to investigate the relationship between two or more variables, while nonexperimental research is always aimed at describing only one variable

• 1. Experimental research is able to explain cause-and-effect relationships, while nonexperimental research cannot explain cause-and-effect relationships

• 1. Randomization is a technique of control that can be implemented in both experimental and nonexperimental research

• 1. In both experimental and nonexperimental research, the researcher is able to perform manipulation of the research variables

1. Examine the following table. Based on the table below, the probability (p) of obtaining z > 0.68 is: 

• 0.2517

• 0.2483

• 0.7517

• 0.68

1. In the population, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale is distributed normally, with μ = 100 and σ = 15. If a sample of 36 individuals is randomly selected from the population, then the probability of selecting a sample with mean IQ ≥ 100 on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale is ….. the probability of selecting a sample with mean IQ <120.

• smaller than

• equal to

• 1. impossible to determine

• larger than

1. To determine the boundary that separates high probability samples from low probability samples for rejecting Ho, a certain value of probability known as the …. needs to be selected for testing a hypothesis.  

• 1. z-score

• 1. alpha level

• 1. distance between Mean and Z

• standard deviation

With a larger sample size, the standard error of M ....

• 1. is smaller

• 1. is larger

• 1. cannot be determined

• 1. does not change

1. The distribution of statistics (i.e., means) from all the possible samples of a specific size obtained from a population is known as a: 

• 1. distribution of sample means

• 1. proportion between Mean and Z

• 1. high probability sampling

• 1. standardized sample

1. In a study that compares academic motivation between students with low and high self- concept, a researcher ensures that the proportions of males and females in one group are equivalent to the proportions of males and females in the other group. The researcher is using a technique of control called:.... 

• 1. Randomization

• 1. Constancy

• 1. Matching

• Blocking

1. The similarity between a non-experimental comparative research and a correlational research is: 

• 1. Both investigate the relationship between two or more variables without explaining causation

• Both explain the cause-and-effect relationship between variables

• 1. Both use at least two groups of participants

• 1. Both involve one variable that is described generally

1. What is the difference between an extraneous variable and a confounding variable? 

• An extraneous variable is a variable that is not directly studied but is carefully watched for its potential effect on the results of a study, while a confounding variable is a variable that is taken into account in a study

• An extraneous variable is a variable that is not directly studied but also influences the DV, while a confounding variable is a variable that influences the IV

• 1. There is no difference between an extraneous variable and a confounding variable, as both are equally unwanted in a study

• 1. An extraneous variable is a variable other than the specific variables being studied whose value also varies within a study, while a confounding variable is a variable that changes systematically along with the IV and also influences the DV

1. A research design that looks at the relationship between two variables by comparing scores on a specifically measured variable between two groups with pre-existing differences is known as a(n): 

• 1. Correlational research

• 1. Descriptive research

• 1. Experimental research

• 1. Differential research