Ecology Review

Which of the following best describes symbiosis?

• The process by which plants produce their food

• A relationship between two species where at least one benefits

• The transfer of energy from one organism to another

• A series of steps in an ecosystem where organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

In a food chain, what role do plants typically play?

• Primary consumers

• Secondary consumers

• Producers

• Decomposers

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which of the following is an example of a food web?

• A sequence of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food

• A complex network of feeding relationships among various organisms in an ecosystem

• A linear pathway showing who eats whom

• A diagram showing only primary consumers and producers

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is the first stage of ecological succession?

• Climax community

• Secondary succession

• Primary succession

• Pioneer species

Which part of the nitrogen cycle involves bacteria converting nitrogen gas into ammonia?

• Nitrification

• Nitrogen fixation

• Denitrification

• Ammonification

Mutualism is a type of symbiosis where:

• Only one organism benefits and the other is harmed

• Both organisms benefit

• One organism benefits and the other is unaffected

• Both organisms are harmed

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

In a food chain, what is the term for organisms that break down dead material and return nutrients to the soil?

• Producers

• Primary consumers

• Secondary consumers

• Decomposers

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which of the following best describes the difference between a food chain and a food web?

• A food chain is more complex than a food web

• A food web includes only primary consumers, while a food chain includes multiple levels of consumers

• A food web shows a single pathway of energy flow, while a food chain shows multiple pathways

• A food web shows multiple pathways of energy flow, while a food chain shows a single pathway

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Secondary succession occurs:

• After a volcanic eruption creates new land

• In an area where soil remains after a disturbance

• Only in aquatic environments

• Only after a forest fire

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

During which process are nitrates converted back into nitrogen gas and released into the atmosphere?

• Nitrification

• Nitrogen fixation

• Denitrification

• Ammonification