Biology EOC Practice (3-27-24)

What are the phases of Mitosis?

• Interphase, Cytokinesis, Prophase, Anaphase

• Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Differentiate between Meiosis and Mitosis.

• Meiosis and mitosis both produce gametes with half the chromosome number.

• Meiosis produces identical daughter cells with the same chromosome number, while mitosis produces gametes with half the chromosome number.

• Meiosis produces gametes with half the chromosome number, while mitosis produces identical daughter cells with the same chromosome number.

• Meiosis and mitosis both produce identical daughter cells with the same chromosome number.

Explain the relationship between Chromosomes and DNA Replication.

• Chromosomes are not involved in DNA replication

• Chromosomes are made up of lipids, not DNA

• Chromosomes contain DNA that undergoes replication to ensure genetic information is accurately copied and transmitted during cell division.

• DNA replication occurs in the cytoplasm, not within chromosomes

How is the Cell Cycle regulated in a cell?

• Cell cycle regulation is controlled by the amount of water in the cell

• Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate the cell cycle by activating or deactivating key proteins involved in cell division.

• The cell cycle is regulated by temperature changes

• Cell cycle regulation is influenced by the color of the cell

Which phase of Mitosis involves the separation of sister chromatids?

• Prophase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

• Metaphase

What is the significance of crossing over in Meiosis?

• Enhanced genetic mutations

• Decreased genetic diversity

• Increased cell size

• Genetic diversity

Describe the process of DNA replication during the Cell Cycle.

• During DNA replication, the two strands of DNA combine to form a single strand

• DNA replication occurs during the G1 phase of the cell cycle

• New DNA strands are synthesized without using existing strands as templates

• DNA replication takes place during the S phase of the cell cycle, where the DNA double helix unwinds, the two strands separate, and new complementary strands are synthesized using the existing strands as templates.

What happens during the G1 phase of the Cell Cycle?

• Cell growth and normal function preparation for DNA replication

• Cell division

• Chromosome condensation

• Protein synthesis

Why is it important for cells to undergo Mitosis?

• Cells undergo Mitosis for growth, repair, and genetic stability.

• Cells undergo Mitosis to change color, for entertainment purposes, and to learn new skills.

How does Meiosis contribute to genetic diversity?

• Meiosis contributes to genetic diversity through asexual reproduction, gene editing, and cloning.

• Meiosis contributes to genetic diversity through crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization.

• Meiosis contributes to genetic diversity through mitosis, gene duplication, and mutation.

• Meiosis contributes to genetic diversity through genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection.