Potential and Kinetic Energy Warm Up

Ashley is holding a basketball 1 meter above the ground. What kind of energy does the basketball have?

• The basketball has kinetic energy because it is in motion.

• The basketball has sound energy because it can produce sound when dropped.

• The basketball has light energy because it reflects light.

• The basketball has potential energy because of its position above the ground.

Answer explanation

Potential energy is the energy an object has due to its position or state.

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Daniela is holding a rubber band stretched between her fingers. Which object in her hand has high potential energy?

• Spoon

• Rubber band

• Paper clip

• Pencil

Answer explanation

An object with high potential energy is a rubber band because when stretched, it stores potential energy due to its elastic properties.

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While riding his skateboard down a slope, Rehan notices he is moving faster without pushing. What kind of energy is Rehan's skateboard primarily using?

• The energy the skateboard possesses due to its motion.

• The energy stored in the skateboard due to its position at the top of the slope

• The energy released during a chemical reaction in the skateboard's material

• The energy associated with the skateboard's temperature

Answer explanation

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy an object possesses due to its motion, making it the correct choice.

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Which of the following scenarios describes an object with high kinetic energy?

• Rehan's stationary rock collection

• Adan's motionless bicycle in the garage

• Ashley's moving car on the highway

• A immobile tree in Victoria's backyard

Answer explanation

An object with high kinetic energy is a moving car because it has both mass and velocity, resulting in significant kinetic energy.

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Imagine Victoria is on a hill with a ball. Translate the scenario to English language, considering the energy concepts involved when she releases the ball.

• Potential energy is the energy the ball has due to its position at the top of the hill, while kinetic energy is the energy the ball has as it rolls down. These energies are interconvertible; as the ball rolls down the hill, its potential energy decreases while its kinetic energy increases, and vice versa.

• Potential energy of the ball at the top of the hill is always greater than its kinetic energy while it rolls down.

• Potential energy is the energy the ball has due to its position at the top of the hill, while kinetic energy is the energy the ball has as it rolls down. These energies are interconvertible; as the ball rolls down the hill, its potential energy decreases while its kinetic energy increases, and vice versa.

• Potential energy and kinetic energy of the ball are completely independent of each other and do not affect each other's values as the ball rolls down the hill.

Answer explanation

Potential energy is the energy an object has due to its position or state, while kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion. They are interconvertible as an object falls, potential energy decreases while kinetic energy increases, and vice versa.

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How is potential energy converted into kinetic energy when Aldo drops a basketball from a certain height?

• Through the process of the basketball accelerating horizontally

• Through the process of the basketball falling or moving downward due to gravity

• Through the process of the basketball being at rest

• Through the process of the basketball floating in water

Answer explanation

Potential energy is converted into kinetic energy through the process of an object falling or moving downward due to gravity.

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Ashley is holding a soccer ball at the top of a playground slide near Victoria's house. What factors will affect the amount of potential energy the soccer ball has?

• Color, shape, and temperature

• Volume, density, and pressure

• Mass, height, and acceleration due to gravity

• Speed, direction, and friction

Answer explanation

The correct factors that affect the amount of potential energy an object has are mass, height, and acceleration due to gravity.

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While riding a bicycle down a hill, Daniela notices that she gains speed without pedaling. How does this relate to the Law of Conservation of Energy?

• Energy can be created but not converted

• Energy can be destroyed but not created

• Energy can be converted into matter

• Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only converted from one form to another.

Answer explanation

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only converted from one form to another.

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Daniela is standing on a hill with a soccer ball in her hand, and then she kicks the ball. Compare and contrast the ball's potential and kinetic energy before and after she kicks it.

• Before being kicked, the soccer ball has potential energy due to its position on the hill, and after being kicked, it has kinetic energy due to its motion.

• Before being kicked, the soccer ball has potential energy as it is at rest in Daniela's hand, while after being kicked, it has kinetic energy as it moves through the air.

• Before being kicked, the soccer ball has potential energy due to its motion, while after being kicked, it has kinetic energy due to its position in the air.

• Before being kicked, the soccer ball only has potential energy while moving, and after being kicked, it only has kinetic energy while it is stationary in the air.

Answer explanation

Potential energy is energy due to position or state, while kinetic energy is energy due to motion.

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Why is understanding potential and kinetic energy important when Adan and Victoria are designing a model roller coaster for their science project?

• Understanding potential and kinetic energy is irrelevant in designing model roller coasters.

• Understanding potential and kinetic energy helps in predicting the model roller coaster's movements and designing efficient and safe models.

• Potential and kinetic energy have no impact on the model roller coaster's movements.

• There are no practical uses for potential and kinetic energy in the context of model roller coasters.

Answer explanation

Understanding potential and kinetic energy helps in predicting object movements and designing efficient systems.

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