Protein Synthesis STAAR Review

Which type of RNA carries the genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm?

• a) mRNA

• b) tRNA

• c) rRNA

• d) snRNA

What is the process by which cells make proteins using the information encoded in DNA?

• a) Transcription

• b) Translation

• c) Replication

• d) Mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which of the following molecules carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

• a) mRNA

• b) tRNA

• c) rRNA

• d) DNA

What is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA during transcription?

• a) DNA polymerase

• b) RNA polymerase

• c) Helicase

• d) Ligase

What is the term for a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid?

• a) Codon

• b) Anticodon

• c) Promoter

• d) Intron

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

• a) Synthesizing mRNA

• b) Linking amino acids together to form proteins

• c) Replicating DNA

• d) Transcribing RNA

What term describes a type of mutation where one nucleotide in the DNA sequence is replaced with another?

• a) Insertion

• b) Deletion

• c) Substitution

• d) Frameshift

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

During translation, where does the synthesis of proteins occur?

• a) Nucleus

• b) Ribosome

• c) Golgi apparatus

• d) Endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following occurs during transcription?

• a) mRNA is translated into protein

• b) tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome

• c) DNA is replicated

• d) RNA is synthesized from a DNA template

Which of the following accurately describes the genetic code?

• a) Each amino acid is coded for by two codons.

• b) Codons are read in a non-overlapping fashion.

• c) The genetic code is universal across all organisms.

• d) Stop codons code for amino acids.