8th grade MAP science review

What is a chemical reaction?

• A chemical reaction is a physical change in matter.

• A chemical reaction is a biological process.

• A chemical reaction is a mathematical equation.

• A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.

Explain Newton's first law of motion.

• An object will stop moving when no force is applied.

• An object will accelerate when no force is applied.

• An object will change direction when no force is applied.

• An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.

How are traits passed down from parents to offspring in genetics?

• Through a secret handshake between parents

• Through magic spells cast by the parents

• By telepathic communication between parents and offspring

• Through genes, which are segments of DNA inherited from parents.

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What is natural selection in the context of evolution?

• Natural selection is the process of humans selecting which organisms survive and reproduce.

• Natural selection is the process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more than those that are less adapted, leading to the increase in frequency of advantageous traits in a population over time.

• Natural selection is the process by which organisms randomly evolve without any external factors.

• Natural selection is the process by which organisms adapt to their environment by changing their DNA.

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What are the reactants and products in the chemical reaction: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O?

• Reactants: 2H₂, O₂; Products: 2H₂O

• 2H₂ + O₂ → H₂O

• H₂ + O₂ → H₂O

• 2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂

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Give an example of a force that causes an object to accelerate.

• Gravity causing an object to fall

• Wind blowing a sailboat forward

• Pulling a car to make it stop

• Pushing a car to make it move forward.

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What is the difference between dominant and recessive genes in genetics?

• Dominant genes are only present in males.

• Recessive genes are always physically stronger than dominant genes.

• Recessive genes are always more common than dominant genes.

• Dominant genes are expressed over recessive genes.

Describe the process of evolution by natural selection.

• Evolution is a random process with no direction

• Organisms intentionally develop traits to adapt to their environment

• Natural selection only occurs in controlled laboratory settings

• Evolution by natural selection is the process by which organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits on to the next generation. Over time, this leads to the accumulation of beneficial traits in a population, resulting in adaptation to the environment.

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What is the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions?

• The law of conservation of mass states that mass can be created or destroyed in chemical reactions.

• In chemical reactions, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.

• In chemical reactions, the total mass of the reactants is always less than the total mass of the products.

• The law of conservation of mass only applies to solid reactants and products.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-7

How does friction affect motion?

• Friction increases the speed of moving objects.

• Friction reduces the speed of moving objects.

• Friction has no effect on motion.

• Friction causes objects to float.

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