Genetics review BR

What describes a change in the DNA sequence?

• Transcription

• Translation

• DNA replication

• Mutation

• Apoptosis

What type of mutation involves substituting a DNA base with a different base but still forms the same protein?

• point mutation

• frameshift mutation

• silent mutation

• chromosomal mutation

What type of mutation involves adding or deleting bases from the DNA, which results in new codons (a shift in the reading of the codons)?

• point mutation

• frameshift mutation

• silent mutation

• chromosomal mutation

Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

Mutated DNA = TAC GAC TCG AAT

What type of mutation has occurred?

• Chromosomal mutation

• Point mutation

• Frameshift mutation

• No mutation occurred

What are considered "negative" mutations?

• mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and harms the organism

• mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and benefits the organism

• mutations in the DNA sequence that produces the same protein

• all mutations are considered bad and harm the organisms

Match the following

• a type of mutation caused by adding or deleting bases, affecting all the codons after the change

• Point mutation

• a type of mutation where one to few bases are substituted with different bases

• Chromosomal mutation

• a type of mutation that doesn't result in a change in the amino acid sequence (same protein)

• Mutation

• a type of mutation where large sections of the chromosome are affected

• Frameshift mutation

• a change in the DNA sequence

• Silent mutation

What is the scientific term that refers to sex cells?

• autosome

• gamete

• karyotype

• chromosome

This term refers to half the normal chromosome number

• haploid

• 2N

• diploid

• 3N

The stage of meiosis where crossing over or the exchange of genetic information happens between pairs of chromosomes

• Prophase II

• Telophase I

• Metaphase II

• Prophase I

The exchange of genetic information that insures that every gamete is unique is referred to as

• mitosis

• meiosis

• reduction division

• crossing over