Biology Study Guide 2nd Semester FY 25

Which of the following is true about mRNA?

• It is double-stranded

• It contains thymine instead of uracil

• It carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome

• It is involved in protein folding

Which molecule carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome for translation?

• tRNA

• rRNA

• mRNA

• DNA

What is the purpose of mitosis?

• To produce gametes

• To create genetically identical daughter cells

• To form RNA

• To reduce chromosome numbers

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

• DNA → Protein → RNA

• DNA → RNA → Protein

• RNA → Protein → DNA

• Protein → RNA → DNA

What structure regulates what enters and exits the cell?

• Nucleolus

• Cytoplasm

• Plasma membrane

• Endoplasmic reticulum

What type of bond holds the nitrogenous bases together in a DNA molecule?

• Covalent bonds

• Ionic bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

• Peptide bonds

Where is the genetic material of a prokaryotic cell located?

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleoid region

• Mitochondria

What happens during transcription?

• mRNA is converted into a protein

• DNA is replicated

• RNA is synthesized from a DNA template

• Protein is synthesized from mRNA

In which phase of the cell cycle do cells exit the cycle and stop dividing?

• G1 phase

• G0 phase

• S phase

• M phase

Where does translation occur in a cell?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Endoplasmic reticulum