Chemotherapy Drugs Quiz

What is the mechanism of action of Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)?

• Lipid soluble because they cross the blood brain barrier well

• Inhibit DNA and RNA polymerase; Inhibit DNA (N7) crosslinking

• Guanine DNA cross linking, mispairing, depurination, ring cleavage

• Inhibits thymidylate synthase

Match the following

• Carboplatin (Paraplatin)

• Pt-guanine (N7) DNA crosslinking;

  Inhibit DNA and RNA polymerase

• Cytarabine

• Lipid soluble  because they cross the blood brain barrier well

• Ipilmumab (Yervoy)

• CTLA-4 antibody blocks T-cell inhibition

• Mechlorethamine (Mustagren)

• Guanine DNA cross linking, mispairing, depurination, ring cleavage

• Lomustine (CCNU)

• inhibits the conversion of IMP to AMP or GMP

Which of the following is NOT for breast cancer

• Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)

• estramustine (Estracyte)

• Ipatinib (Tykerb)

• Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

• fulvestrant (Faslodex)

Reorder the following from Highest to Lowest Bone Marrow suppression

• Vinorelbine

• Vincristine (Oncovin)

• Vinblastin (Velban)

Thymidine kinase converts drug to FdUMP and then it inhibits thymidylate synthetase which reduces the dose that is needed

• 5-fluorouracil (Capecitabine

• methotrexate

• Cytarabine

• 6 mercaptopurine

• 6 thioguanine

Small cell

• Avastin

• Zelboraf

• Tarceva

• Genentech

L-asparaginase (Elspar)

• Guanine DNA cross linking, mispairing, depurination, ring cleavage

• Pt-guanine (N7) DNA crosslinking;

  Inhibit DNA and RNA polymerase

• it inhibits purine biosynthesis, nucleotide interconversion, and biosynthesis of nucleic acids. 

• Nanoparticle albumin-bound (NAB); causes the buildup of the microtubules rather than allowing free tubulin dimers to form

• Ultimately limits protein synthesis in cancer cells requiring large amount of asparagine for growth.

Match the following

• L-asparaginase (Elspar)

• Ultimately limits protein synthesis in cancer cells requiring large amounts of asparagine for growth

• Ipilmumab (Yervoy)

• CTLA-4 antibody blocks T-cell inhibition

• Bevacizumab (Avastin)

• Suppresses formation of new blood vessels depriving solid tumors of expanding blood supply

• Paclitaxel (Taxol)

• Nonoparticle albumin-bound (NAB); causes the buildup of the microtubules rather than allowing free tubulin dimers to form

Hydroxyurea

• it inhibits purine biosynthesis, nucleotide interconversion, and biosynthesis of nucleic acids. 

• Inhibit topoisomerase II DNA repair enzymes and thus blocks the resealing of DNA strand breaks (G2 phase)

• Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase; the rate limiting step of DNA synthesis

• damages DNA after incorporation into DNA and inhibits synthesis of AMP and GMP

• Intercalates into DNA—

  drug slips between base pairs of DNA distorting the structure such that RNA polymerase can not use DNA as a template. 

Match the following

• pulmonary fibrosis

• cyclophosphamide

• peripheral neuropathy

• Cisplatin, Carboplatin

• hemorrhagic cystitis

• Bleomycin, Busulfan

• cardiotoxicity

• Vincristine

• ototoxicity / nephrotoxicity

• doxorubicin, trastuzumab