Ecology Chapter 14

Many different types of parasites affect the (a)   of host species

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NGSS.HS-LS2-6

What is the ability of a host to prevent an infection from occurring

• Infection resistance

• Defense
• Vulnerability
• Resistance

Answer explanation

**As with predator-prey relations hosts will avoid infection if they can

What is the ability of a host to minimize the harm once an infection has occurred

• Antibiotic resistance
• Vaccination
• Physical fitness
• Infection tolerance

Answer explanation

**If the host cannot avoid infection, selection pressure rewards those that can tolerate the parasite

The number of parasites a given species that an individual host can harbor

• Infection rate
• Host capacity
• Parasite count
• Parasite load

Answer explanation

** It's in the best interest of both parasite and host for the host to survive the effects of the parasite

A parasite the lives on the outside of an organism

• Ectoparasite
• Mesoparasite
• Endoparasite
• Hyperparasite

Answer explanation

common ectoparasites: ticks, fleas, lice, mites, mistletoes, and nematodes

A parasite that inside an organism

• ectoparasite
• mesoparasite
• exoparasite
• endoparasite

What is chronic wasting disease?

• Chronic wasting disease is a common cold in deer, elk, and moose.
• Chronic wasting disease is a type of plant disease affecting crops.
• Chronic wasting disease is a curable condition in wildlife.
• Chronic wasting disease is when a deer infection with prions that cause chronic wasting disease lose weight and eventually die

Answer explanation

• - prions begin has beneficial protein but fold into an incorrect shape and become pathogenic

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

What are some common bacterial pathogens?

• leprosy, plague, pneumonia, and salmonella

• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Bacillus cereus
• Clostridium difficile

Answer explanation

common plant diseases that are caused by bacteria include:

(a) shot-hole such as this Pseudomonas syringae morsprunorum on a cherry tree
(b) Crown gall (Rhizobium radiobacter) shown on a birch tree in England

A disease that is newly discovered or has been rare and then suddenly increases in occurrence

• surging infection
• escalating illness
• emerging infectious disease
• spreading disease

emerging infectious diseases often occur after what

• the pathogen mutates or a new vector colonizes an area

• increase in global warming
• lack of handwashing
• introduction of a new vaccine

Answer explanation

example: White-nose fungus in bats. This species, known as the little brown bat, is infected by the fungus Geomyces destructans. One symptom of the infection is that the bat’s nose turns white. When a bat colony becomes infected, many of the bats die.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-5