Muscles and Motility

What are the three types of muscles found in the human body?

• bicep muscles, tricep muscles, quadricep muscles

• skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles

• voluntary muscles, involuntary muscles, heart muscles

• flexor muscles, extensor muscles, rotator muscles

Explain the process of muscle contraction.

• ATP is not involved in muscle contraction

• Calcium ions inhibit muscle contraction

• Muscle contraction is caused by the movement of bones

• The process of muscle contraction involves the sliding of actin and myosin filaments within the sarcomere, powered by ATP and regulated by calcium ions.

How does ATP play a crucial role in muscle function?

• ATP provides energy for muscle contraction by releasing energy when its phosphate bonds are broken.

• ATP is only needed for muscle relaxation

• ATP inhibits muscle contraction

• ATP is a structural component of muscle fibers

Discuss the concept of muscle fatigue and the process of muscle recovery.

• Muscle fatigue is caused by excessive hydration

• Muscle recovery involves eating only high-sugar foods

• Muscle fatigue is a result of overstretching

• Muscle fatigue is the inability of muscles to maintain force production, while muscle recovery involves processes like replenishing energy stores and repairing muscle damage.

Describe the structure of a muscle and its primary functions.

• A muscle is composed of bone and cartilage.

• Muscles are primarily responsible for vision and hearing.

• The main function of muscles is to store excess nutrients.

• A muscle is composed of muscle fibers bundled together. These fibers are surrounded by connective tissue and blood vessels. The primary functions of muscles include generating force for movement, maintaining posture, stabilizing joints, and generating heat through contraction.

Which type of muscle is striated and under voluntary control?

• Cardiac muscle

• Smooth muscle

• Skeletal muscle

• Nervous muscle

What is the sliding filament theory in muscle contraction?

• The sliding filament theory is based on the movement of calcium ions within muscle cells

• The sliding filament theory involves the contraction of muscle fibers by shortening the sarcomere length

• The sliding filament theory explains how muscles grow in size through repeated contractions

• The sliding filament theory describes the process of muscle contraction through the sliding of actin and myosin filaments.

How does the lack of oxygen contribute to muscle fatigue?

• The lack of oxygen decreases muscle strength, causing fatigue

• The lack of oxygen increases blood flow to muscles, leading to fatigue

• The lack of oxygen leads to the accumulation of lactic acid in muscles, contributing to muscle fatigue.

• The lack of oxygen reduces the production of energy in muscles, resulting in fatigue

What are the different components of a sarcomere?

• Thick filaments (actin)

• Thin filaments (actin), thick filaments (myosin), Z-line, M-line, H-zone, I-band, and A-band

• Z-line, M-line, H-zone

• Thin filaments (myosin)

Explain the importance of calcium ions in muscle contraction.

• Calcium ions prevent muscle contraction by inhibiting the interaction between actin and myosin filaments.

• Excessive calcium ions lead to muscle relaxation instead of contraction.

• Calcium ions are essential for initiating muscle contraction by facilitating the interaction between actin and myosin filaments.

• Muscle contraction can occur without the presence of calcium ions.