Echo exam 3

The application of an analytical method for systematically comparing different decision options is best described as:

• Terminal node

• First step in a decision analysis

• Decision points

• Types of nodes on decision tree

• Decision analysis

The specific decision to be evaluated should be clearly defined

• Terminal node

• First step in a decision analysis

• Decision points

• Types of nodes on decision tree

• Decision analysis

A choice node, chance node, terminal node are best described by which of the following?

• Terminal node

• First step in a decision analysis

• Decision points

• Types of nodes on decision tree

• Decision analysis

The final outcome of interest for each option in a decision tree

• Terminal node

• First step in a decision analysis

• Decision points

• Types of nodes on decision tree

• Decision analysis

The branches or arms of a decision tree

• Terminal node

• First step in a decision analysis

• Decision points

• Types of nodes on decision tree

• Decision analysis

Which of the following statements is true regarding Markov models/analysis:

• Tunnel states do not allow for integration of health experiences from previous cycles or medical

  history

• Half-cycle corrections do not adjust for the fact that patients may not stay in one health state for

  the entire cycle

• Half-cycle corrections intend to counter overestimation of costs

• Tunnel states are dark and unknown states in half-cycles

Regarding transitions between health states in Markov models, which of the following statements are

true? SATA

• Markov states are determined by outlining different health conditions/scenarios a patient may reasonably experience

• Possible transitions are determined based on clinical information

• Graphically, arrows are used to indicate which transitions are allowed

• Do not incorporate cost data

In Markov models, when patients are not allowed to move from a particular state to any other state, the transition probability assigned to that state is:

• 1.00

• 0.00

• 0.70

• 0.50

In Markov models, all state transition probabilities in any given cycle add up to:

• 1.00

• 0.00

• 0.70

• 0.50

The "Absorbing State" in this example is?

• Death

• Hypertension

• lGT

• DM