Review Final Exam RADR 2213

Most harmful interactions between radiation and tissue occur via:

• a direct effect

• an indirect effect

• genetic cells

• somatic radical cells

Answer explanation

Most harmful interactions between radiation and tissue occur via an indirect effect, where radiation interacts with molecules in the cell to produce free radicals that can damage DNA.

Which of the following is an example of involuntary motion?

• Heart beating

• Muscle spasms

• Peristalsis

• All of the above

Answer explanation

All of the above options - heart beating, muscle spasms, and peristalsis - are examples of involuntary motions, making the correct answer choice 'All of the above'.

One of the primary concerns with all personnel dosimeters is that:

• Can be worn for only a short period of time (1 month)

• Cost

• Not efficient if not worn.

Answer explanation

Personnel dosimeters are not efficient if not worn, as they are designed to measure radiation exposure only when worn by the individual.

Which of the following individuals can serve as a radiation safety officer?

• Medical Physicist

• Health Physicist

• Radiologic Technologist with training and experience

• All of the above

Answer explanation

All of the above individuals can serve as a radiation safety officer, including Medical Physicists, Health Physicists, and Radiologic Technologists with training and experience.

An outer shell electron is ejected and the atom is ionized with:

• Photoelectric absorption

• Compton scattering

• Coherent scattering

Answer explanation

Compton scattering involves the ejection of an outer shell electron, leading to ionization of the atom.

For patient exposure, Rhonda says the following are important to protect patients:

• Reduce amount of x-ray "on" time

• Stand as far away from the x-ray beam as possible

• Shield the patients

• A and C

• All of the above

Answer explanation

The correct choices are A and C because reducing x-ray 'on' time and shielding the patients are important to protect patients from exposure.

Structural shielding in the primary protective barriers should consist of ______ of lead.

• 0.8 mm of lead

• 1.6 mm of lead

• 2.4 mm of lead

• 3.2 mm of lead

Answer explanation

Structural shielding in the primary protective barriers should consist of 1.6 mm of lead, as it provides the necessary protection against radiation exposure.

Response to radiation is expected no matter how small the dose, the dose response is:

• linear

• threshold

• nonthreshold

Answer explanation

Response to radiation is expected no matter how small the dose, indicating a nonthreshold dose response.

The lethal dose 50/30 for humans is:

• 1 - 2 Gyt

• 3 - 4 Gyt

• 10 - 12 Gyt

• 50 - 60 Gyt

Answer explanation

The correct lethal dose 50/30 for humans is 3 - 4 Gyt, as it represents the dose that would be lethal to 50% of the population within 30 days.

Lethal dose 50/30 is a dose that will kill 30% of the population in 50 days.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

The correct answer is False because LD50/30 is a dose that will kill 50% of the population in 30 days, not 30% in 50 days.