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What issue is the given topic “Use of tablet computers and smartphone to improve learning” referred to?

• The topic is too broad

• The topic is just right

• The topic is too narrow

• The topic is trivial

What should be the next step once all data have been collected and organized appropriately

• Data analysis

• Research report

• Literature review

• Data collection

Once the research topic or problem has been clearly identified. what should be the next step in the research process?

• Analyze the data

• Implement the collecting data

• State findings and conclusions

• State research questions

Conducting a comprehensive literature review can help researchers…

• replicate everything from those study in a similar way

• copy the findings from the previous studies

• connect the proposed study and preceding research on the same topic

• remember all the other authors’ names

Why is this research question not appropriate?

"How will the use of mobile phone help EFL students improve their English learning?"

• it is unanswerable

• it is too broad

• it is too narrow

• it assumes an answer even before data have been collected

An educational research is NOT..

• conclusive

• original

• objective

• inquisitive

…works from more general, broad-based ideas, concepts, observations, or experiences to the more specific, in a “top-down” manner.

• Deductive reasoning

• Research process

• Inductive reasoning

• Research method

……..should be focused.

• Thesis statement

• Independent variables

• Qualitative research questions

• Quantitative research questions

What approach is usually used to build theory?

• experimental

• mixed methods

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

The … is a specific strategy used to answer questions and resolve problems.

• scientific method

• hypothesis

• research question

• research tool