Marine Ecology Review

which of the following is a biotic factor that would affect consumers in an ocean ecosystem?

• the number of autotrophs in the water

• temperature changes of the water

• salt content of water

• pH of water

the science that studies the interaction between organisms and their environment

• ecology

• marine science

• marine biology

• marine and aquatic science

what percentage of energy is transferred from each trophic level?

• 10

• 15

• 100

• 50

ecological relationship in which two organisms of the same species are competing for the same resource.

• interspecific competition

• intraspecific competition

• symbiosis

• predator-prey interaction

network of feeding interactions that shows all of the connections of energy flow in a habitat

• energy pyramid

• pyramid of biomass

• food web

• food chain

a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

• energy pyramid

• pyramid of biomass

• food web

• food chain

Fleas harm their hosts, such as dogs, by biting their skin, sucking their blood, and causing them to itch. The fleas, in turn, get food and a warm home. What type of symbiotic relationship is shown?

• commensalistic

• parasitic

• mutualistic

Organisms that have to consume other organisms to obtain energy.

• autotroph

• producer

• primary producer

• heterotroph

type of selection that favors prey that have natural mechanisms for avoiding predators

• natural selection

• directional selection

• stabilizing selection

• disruptive selection

type of selection that drives evolution towards one extreme

• natural selection

• directional selection

• stabilizing selection

• disruptive selection