Evolution Quiz

The theory of evolution states that

• species change over time, sometimes developing into new species

• species that are extinct have no biological relationship to living species

• the environment of Earth is constant over time

• different animal species always interbreed to form new and different species

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Which occurrence represents an example of evolution?

• A mutation in a liver cell causes a person to produce an enzyme that is less efficient.

• Exposure to radiation reduces the rate of mutation in leaf cells.

• Some antibiotics are almost useless, because pathogens have developed a resistance to these antibiotics.

• Cells in a zygote eventually change into bone cells or skin cells.

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Which statement is a possible explanation for the changes shown in the graph below?

• Species A is better adapted to this environment.

• Species B is a parasite that has benefited species A.

• Species A is the predator of Species B.

• Species B is better adapted to this environment.

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Which statement is correct concerning the chances of survival for these species if there is a change in the environment?

• Species C has the best chance of survival because it has no gene mutations.

• Species A has the best chance of survival because it has the most genetic diversity.

• None of the species will survive because bacteria reproduce asexually.

• Neither species B nor species D will survive because they compete for the same resources.

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Which concept is referred to in the cartoon below?

• the heterotroph hypothesis

• the lock-and-key model

• natural selection

• use and disuse

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Which statement best explains how the differences between the kit fox and the red fox species came about?

• Different adaptations developed because the kit fox preferred hotter environments than the red fox.

• The foxes evolved differently because their ancestors were trying to avoid competition.

• As the foxes adapted to different environments, differences in appearance evolved

• The foxes evolved differently to prevent overpopulation of the forest habitat.

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In 1889, August Weismann, a German biologist, conducted an experiment attempting to produce mice without tails. He cut the tails off adult mice and then permitted them to mate. All offspring had long tails. This experiment helped to disprove the concept of

• overproduction in a species

• survival of the fittest

• struggle for existence

• inheritance of acquired characteristics

Geographic and reproductive isolation are most closely associated with

• speciation

• extinction

• overproduction

• competition

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Darwin observed that different, but closely related, species of finches filled the diverse environmental niches on the different Galapagos Islands. The filling of these environmental niches is known as

• acquired characteristics

• common ancestry

• adaptive radiation

• blending inheritance

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Thousands of years ago, giraffes with short necks were common within giraffe populations. Nearly all giraffe populations today have long necks. This difference could be due to

• giraffes stretching their necks so they could reach food higher in the trees

• a mutation in genetic material controlling neck size occurring in the reproductive cells of a giraffe

• a mutation in genetic material occurring in some skin cells of a giraffe

• giraffes stretching their necks to keep their heads out of reach of predators

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