Unit 8 SOL Review: Classification (including viruses)

Match the following vocabulary terms wit their definitions

• Common Ancestor

• How scientists organize and categorize organisms

• Cladogram

• Similar body parts made of the same stuff, does indicate a common ancestor

• Homologous Structure

• The original species before speciation occured

• Analogous Structure

• A chart scientists use to show speciation over time

• Taxonomy

• Body parts that do the same job, but are made of different stuff, do not indicate a common ancestor

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A long time ago, people believed in the ​ (a)   , which said that living things (like diseases) could come from non-living things. Several scientists, like Redi and Koch, did ​ (b)   which disproved this theory. Today, scientists follow the ​ (c)   , which says that diseases can be caused by ​ (d)   like bacteria and viruses. This theory has helped scientists develop new technologies, like ​ (e)   that can help protect people from disease.

• theory of spontaneous generation
• controlled experiments
• germ theory of infectious disease
• microorganisms
• antibiotics and vaccines

All categories include 4 traits

Groups:

(a) Viruses

,

(b) Bacteria

,

(c) Both

• need a host cell to help reproduce

• can make plants sick

• reproduce using the lytic cycle

• non-living

• can make people sick

• living

• can reproduce on their own

• can be fought with vaccines

• reproduce using binary fission

• can be fought with antibiotics

• reproduce using the lysogenic cycle

• can be fought with hand washing

All categories include 3 traits

Groups:

(a) Animal

,

(b) Plant

,

(c) Fungi

,

(d) Protist

• always autotroph

• never has a cell wall

• always gets energy from ingestion

• might have a cell wall

• examples include mushrooms

• can move around sometimes

• always decomposer

• miscellaneous category

• can always move around

• always has chitin cell wall

• always has cellulose cell wall

• always has chloroplasts to help with photosynthesis

All categories include 3 traits

Groups:

(a) Archaea

,

(b) Eukarya

,

(c) Eubacteria

• cellulose/chitin cell walls

• have no nucleus and a lipid bilayer

• sometimes called bacteria or prokarya

• can be multicelled

• sometimes called archaeabacteria

• extremophiles (live in extreme places)

• Have a nucleus

• have a lipid monolayer

• peptidoglycan cell walls

Reorder the following from most general (includes lots of things) to most specific (includes only a few things).

• Kingdom

• Species

• Family

• Domain

• Genus