Biology STAAR Review

A scientist is examining an unknown cell using an electron microscope. Which observed structure would indicate that the cell is MOST LIKELY prokaryotic?

• Mitochondrion

• Free-floating DNA

• Chloroplast

• Membrane-bound nucleus

Which environmental condition would MOST LIKELY result in the appearance of punctuated equilibrium in the fossil record?

• An environment that remains in a state of stasis

• An environment that undergoes steady changes over time

• An environment that experiences rapid large-scale destructive change

• An environment with many transitional fossils

A student is sweating after playing basketball. Which body systems are MOST DIRECTLY interacting as a response to maintain homeostasis?

• Digestive and circulatory systems

• Immune and integumentary systems

• Nervous and integumentary systems

• Circulatory and nervous systems

Ringworm is a common skin infection that appears as an itchy, red rash on exposed human skin. It is caused by approximately 40 different species of fungi called dermatophytes. These fungi require keratin, which is present in human skin, for growth and reproduction. Which term describes the relationship between dermatophytes and humans?

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

• Predation

Based on the student’s model and your knowledge of the biological process, which person or object represents tRNA?

• The cashier

• The grocery list

• The shopper

• The shopping cart

In which beaker will osmosis cause expansion of the dialysis tubing bag?

• Beaker 1

• Beaker 2

• Beaker 3

• Beaker 4

Which organ and tissue interact MOST DIRECTLY to absorb and transport water and dissolved minerals inside a plant?

• Flower and phloem

• Root and phloem

• Flower and xylem

• Root and xylem

Which type of mutation is LEAST LIKELY to result in a frameshift mutation?

• Insertion

• Translocation

• Substitution

• Deletion

Which two components are MOST LIKELY found in both viruses and prokaryotic cells?

• Nucleic acids and carbohydrates

• Carbohydrates and lipids

• Lipids and proteins

• Proteins and nucleic acids

Examine the diagram of an energy pyramid and answer the following question: What is the original source of all energy for the energy pyramid?