8th grade Science Final exam review

The graph compares the surface temperature and color of stars.

What would be the color of a star that has a surface temperature of 30,000 K?

• red

• yellow

• white

• blue or blue-white

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-3

Caleb's class is studying the Earth/Sun/Moon system. He studies the diagram of Earth and the sun shown below. Which season is the northern hemisphere experiencing when Earth and sun are in these positions?

• fall

• winter

• spring

• summer

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Living systems obey the law of conservation of mass. Which of the following statements supports the main ideas of the law of conservation of mass?

• The substances that take part in a chemical reaction are the same as the substances that are formed by the reaction.

• The masses of the substances that take part in a chemical reaction are less than the masses of the substances that are formed.

• The masses of the substances that take part in a chemical reaction are equal to the masses of the substances that are formed.

• The masses of the substances that take part in a chemical reaction are greater than the masses of the substances formed by the reaction.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

This table includes the mass of several objects in the solar system, as well as how far each object is from Earth.

What is the best reason distances in space are measured using astronomical units (AU), instead of kilometers or miles?

• An AU equals the distance from the sun to the next-closest star.

• Miles are used only in the United States, so the measurements are not the same in any other country.

• Kilometers are used only in certain countries, so the measurements are not the same from country to country.

• One AU represents a large distance, so the numbers that represent the vast distances between space objects are smaller and easier to compare.

Most organisms carry out cellular respiration. Which of the following best describes cellular respiration?

• a process in which organisms release oxygen to the air

• a chemical process in which cells use light energy to make food

• a mechanical process in which humans take in oxygen from the air

• a chemical process in which cells use oxygen to release energy from food

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Matter can go through physical or chemical changes. Which answer option below is an example of an element that has gone through a physical change?

• Water turns to steam when boiled over a Bunsen burner.

• Carbon combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide gas.

• Water breaks down into hydrogen and oxygen gases over time.

• Limestone breaks down into lime and carbon dioxide when heated.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Look closely at the illustration below showing where the compound sodium hydroxide falls on the pH scale. What type of compound is sodium hydroxide?

• a base

• a salt

• an acid

• a neutral substance

Which sentence about the Milky Way Galaxy is true?

• The Milky Way Galaxy has only one star.

• The Milky Way Galaxy is the only galaxy in the universe.

• The Milky Way Galaxy is also known as the Solar System.

• The Milky Way Galaxy is one of many galaxies in the universe.

The illustration below shows three states of matter in separate jars. Which statement about these jars is correct?

• Jar A contains a gas.

• Jar B contains a liquid.

• Jar C contains particles that vibrate in position.

• Jars A and C have particles that move more than those in Jar B.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which sequence correctly lists the astronomical bodies in order of size, from smallest to largest?

• Solar system, Milky Way galaxy, Universe

• Solar system, Universe, Milky Way galaxy

• Milky Way galaxy, Universe, Solar system

• Milky Way galaxy, Solar system, Universe