Quiz about Earth Science TCAP Review

Question 1

1. The image shows a delta where a river flows into an ocean.

Which most likely caused the formation of the delta?

Accepted Answer

Water deposited loose soil.

Answer

Ice moved and carved out a large ditch.

Answer

Water weathered soil into a pile.

Answer

Rock cliffs deposited eroded rocks.

Question 2

The map shows the volcanoes across the world and five labeled locations (A-E). Based on the pattern on the map, in which two locations are more volcanoes most likely to form?

Accepted Answer

location A

Accepted Answer

location D

Answer

location B

Answer

location C

Answer

location E

Question 3

The map shows some of the major mountain ranges in the world. Which sentence about the location patterns of volcanoes and mountain ranges is true?

Accepted Answer

Volcanoes are mostly found on coastlines, while mountain ranges are located on coastlines and in the middle of continents.

Answer

Volcanoes are found on coastlines and in the middle of continents, while mountain ranges are only located in the middle of continents.

Answer

Volcanoes and mountain ranges are never in the same location.

Answer

Volcanoes and mountain ranges are found in exactly the same locations.

Question 4

The image shows a rock formation that formed over a long period of time. The rock formation was once part of a larger landscape of rock. The chart lists activities that demonstrate processes that affect rocks.

1. Weather a large cube of Styrofoam by forcefully blowing sand against it.

2. Deposit small rocks onto a large mound using a shovel.

3. Erode pieces of clay by sprinkling water so that it flows into the cracks in the clay.

4. Weather sand in a container by pushing heavy objects off a shelf into the container.

5. Deposit large plastic balls into a flowing stream of water from a garden hose.

Which activities demonstrate the processes that created the rock formation in the image?

Accepted Answer

1 and 3

Answer

1 and 4

Answer

2 and 3

Answer

4 and 5

Question 5

The picture shows a region before and after a dam is made. Based on the picture, a student claims that building a dam can affect the surrounding area. Which statement is an observation the student uses to make this claim?

Accepted Answer

The dam changed the flow of river water.

Answer

The dam decreased the number of rivers in the region.

Answer

The dam removed the available water in the upstream area.

Answer

The dam increased the size of the river in the downstream area.

Question 6

The diagram shows the formation of a valley. Based on the diagram, a student claims that the valley took a long time to form. Which statement correctly supports the claim made by the student?

Accepted Answer

A river removed sediments from the slopes to form the valley.

Answer

A mountain exploded during a volcanic eruption to form the valley.

Answer

A river deposited sediments on the slopes to form the valley.

Answer

A mountain experienced an earthquake that broke it apart to form the valley.

Question 7

The figure shows a river flowing from the mountains to the sea.

Which earth process forms the delta?

Accepted Answer

deposition of sediment by the river

Answer

erosion of land by the river

Answer

piling up of sediment by the wind

Answer

weathering of rocks by the wind

Question 8

Jim notices a rock in the park. The rock has a crack and a small tree growing out of it as shown in the image.

Which natural process caused the condition observed in the rock?

Accepted Answer

weathering

Answer

deposition

Answer

erosion

Answer

landslide

Question 9

The National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) published data on the quantity of soil eroded from croplands in the United States.

What can be concluded from the data?

Accepted Answer

Soil erosion decreased every 5 years

Answer

Soil erosion was at a maximum in 1997.

Answer

Soil erosion was at a minimum in 2002.

Answer

Soil erosion increased every 5 years.

Question 10

A researcher performs an activity to study if erosion on a hillside is affected by the type of soil that exists. The researcher makes a model of a slope of a hill and then allows water to drip on it.

What is the best design to carry out the activity as a fair test?

Accepted Answer

Change the type of soil on the hill, and conduct multiple trials with each soil type.

Answer

Change the slope of the hill in each trial.

Answer

Change the amount of soil on the hill and the slope of the hill in each trial

Answer

Change the amount of water that drips on the slope, and conduct multiple trials

Question 11

According to the map, which statement is true about earthquakes and volcanoes?

Accepted Answer

Both earthquakes and volcanoes are found where oceans and continents meet.

Answer

Earthquakes are only found on land, and volcanoes are only found in oceans.

Answer

Volcanoes are only found on land, and earthquakes are only found in oceans.

Answer

Both earthquakes and volcanoes are found in the middle of continents.

Question 12

As a result of growing populations, more forests in mountain regions have been cut down for wood.

How does clearing of the forests affect the physical characteristics of the land?

Accepted Answer

It increases the amount of open space for short plants such as grasses to grow.

Answer

It increases the amount of shade for animals during warm days.

Answer

It increases the amount of animals that rely on trees for food and shelter.

Answer

It increases the amount of rainfall each year.

Question 13

Cattle feed on grasses. Too many cattle feeding in one area removes grasses and makes the topsoil loose.

How do cattle impact the area where they feed?

Accepted Answer

Removing grasses increases soil erosion.

Answer

Removing grasses decreases soil erosion.

Answer

Feeding increases rocky topsoil

Answer

Feeding decreases rocky topsoil.

Question 14

Which example shows a plant changing the physical characteristics of a region?

Accepted Answer

Roots break apart rocks.

Answer

Vines grow strong-smelling flowers.

Answer

Trees provide food for bugs.

Answer

Rabbits eat grass in a field.

Question 15

Which example shows organisms changing the environment and helping other organisms?

Accepted Answer

Alligators dig holes to collect water that other animals also use to drink.

Answer

Cows eat most of the grass in one area, leading to erosion.

Answer

Beavers build a dam, which keeps water away from other areas.

Answer

Giant African snails destroy crops planted by humans.

Question 16

Which two statements correctly describe a layer of Earth?

Accepted Answer

The crust is the outermost layer.

Accepted Answer

The inner core is made of a hot, solid material.

Answer

The mantle is made of solid rock.

Answer

The outer core is made of dirt and rocks.

Answer

The inner core is the largest layer.

Question 17

Allen described a layer of Earth in his notebook.

Which layer of Earth has Allen described?

Accepted Answer

crust

Answer

inner core

Answer

mantle

Answer

outer core

Question 18

The diagram shows layers of the Earth.

Which Earth layer is liquid?

Accepted Answer

Outer Core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Upper Mantle

Answer

Inner Core

Question 19

The diagram shows the temperatures across four layers of Earth.

Which statement about the layers of Earth is correct?

Accepted Answer

Temperature increases from the crust to the inner core.

Answer

Temperature decreases from the crust to the outer core.

Answer

Temperature increases then decreases from the crust to the inner core.

Answer

Temperature remains the same from the crust to the outer core.

Question 20

The Sun's energy is not stored in which of these substances?

Accepted Answer

soil

Answer

coal

Answer

natural gas

Answer

oil

Question 21

Which substance is not an example of a fossil fuel?

Accepted Answer

iron

Answer

coal

Answer

natural gas

Answer

oil

Question 22

A scientist observes two groups of materials found on Earth.

What are the uses of the materials listed in the two groups?

Accepted Answer

Group 1: produce heat; Group 2: building materials

Answer

Group 1: produce heat; Group 2: growing plants

Answer

Group 1: building materials; Group 2: produce heat

Answer

Group 1: growing plants; Group 2: building materials

Question 23

Which human action has not helped in the preservation of species?

Accepted Answer

producing stronger insecticides

Answer

developing wildlife refuges

Answer

passing and enforcing game laws

Answer

protecting habitats

Question 24

Large parts of a forest are cut down to build factories near a city. What would be the most likely effect of cutting down the forest?

Accepted Answer

a decrease in the habitat of plants and animals

Answer

an increase in the amount of rainfall

Answer

an increase in the number of forest fires

Answer

a decrease in the temperature of the region

Question 25

A lake has become completely covered by floating water chestnut plants. The non-native plants have formed a solid mat over the entire lake and have reduced the oxygen supply to the fish in the lake. A local environmental group listed some possible methods to remove chestnut plants.

Which would be the most environmentally responsible way to remove all the water chestnut plants from the lake?

Accepted Answer

pulling plants by hand

Answer

biological control

Answer

chemical control

Answer

harvesting plants by machine

Question 26

Storm drains are designed to collect water from streets, parking lots, and sidewalks and to release the water into nearby rivers or streams. During a heavy rainfall, trash sometimes gets swept into storm drains. A city council plans to design a solution to reduce the amount of trash in storm drains with the design constraints listed in the chart.

1. The design solution should reduce the damage to nearby rivers and streams.
2. The design solution should not cost more than $100 for each drain.

The table lists the design solutions suggested.

Which design solution(s) will solve the problem?

Accepted Answer

1 only

Answer

2 only

Answer

2 and 3

Answer

1 and 3

Question 27

What unit of measure is most appropriate for measuring distances from a planet to the nearest satellite?

Accepted Answer

kilometer

Answer

gram

Answer

kilogram

Answer

meter

Question 28

A student observes a small organism crawling over a fallen leaf. The student wants to study the physical characteristics of the organism.

Which instrument should the student use to study the detailed characteristics of the organism?

Accepted Answer

magnifier

Answer

goggles

Answer

prism

Answer

ruler

Question 29

Society demands very large amounts of healthy foods. A bioengineer designs a pesticide to slow the number of crops lost each year to insect infestation while keeping the crops safe for humans to eat.

How does the pesticide meet the demand for healthy foods?

Accepted Answer

The pesticide decreases the number of insects and increases crop yields.

Answer

The pesticide increases the number of insects and increases crop yields.

Answer

The pesticide decreases the number of insects and decreases crop yields.

Answer

The pesticide increases the number of insects and decreases crop yields.

Question 30

Today, almost all cars have seat belts. How does improving the design of seat belts help people the most?

Accepted Answer

It decreases injuries to passengers in cars.

Answer

It decreases the cost of cars.

Answer

It increases the speed at which cars can travel.

Answer

It increases the comfort of passengers in cars.

Earth Science TCAP Review

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