Unit 2 -AC2.2 part 4/5 Classical & Operant Conditioning Theories

Who first observed classical conditioning?

• Sigmund Freud

• John Watson

• Ivan Pavlov

• B.F. Skinner

What did Ivan Pavlov notice about dogs that led to his discovery of classical conditioning?

• Dogs would bark when they wanted food

• Dogs would play before their food arrived

• Dogs would salivate sometimes before their food arrived

• Dogs would sleep until their food arrived

What stimulus did Pavlov use to make dogs associate food with a neutral stimulus?

• A flashing light

• The sound of a bell

• The opening of a door

• A musical tune

What concept did Pavlov apply to humans after his experiments with dogs?

• Operant conditioning

• Learning by association

• Cognitive learning

• Observational learning

After conditioning, what does the bell become?

• Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)

• Neutral Stimulus (NS)

• Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

• Conditioned Response (CR)

What is the Conditioned Response (CR) after conditioning?

• Chewing

• Barking

• Salivation

• Sleeping

What were Pavlov's original aims for studying the dogs?

• To understand their sleeping patterns

• To develop a new breed of dogs

• To investigate their digestive processes

• To train them for specific tasks

What is the salivation reflex?

• A voluntary response to food

• An involuntary response to food

• A learned response to a bell

• A voluntary response to a bell

What key phrase did Pavlov use to label the response of the dogs?

• Classical conditioning

• Operant conditioning

• Reflexive response

• Conditioned reflex

Who carried out the famous experiment using classical conditioning to demonstrate the origins of fears and phobias?

• Skinner & Pavlov

• Freud & Jung

• Raynor & Watson

• Milgram & Zimbardo