Learning and Conditioning Test

What term is defined as "decreases in the frequency of a behavior when the behavior is no longer reinforced"?

• extinction (operant conditioning)

• shaping (operant conditioning)

• chaining (operant conditioning)

• negative reinforcement

What is the process of learning to respond to certain stimuli and not others called?

• generalization (classical conditioning)

• shaping (operant conditioning)

• discrimination (classical conditioning)

• conditioned stimulus (cs)

What is the term for the reinforcement of a response by the addition or experiencing of a pleasurable stimulus?

• primary reinforcer

• negative reinforcement

• positive reinforcement

• classical conditioning

What is the process called where reinforcement of individual responses occurring in a sequence to form a complex behavior (breaking down a complex task into parts)?

• shaping (operant conditioning)

• modeling/observational learning

• chaining (operant conditioning)

• discrimination (classical conditioning)

In operant conditioning, a schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed is known as what?

• variable-ratio schedule

• variable-interval schedule

• fixed-ratio schedule

• fixed-interval schedule

What is the term for increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs?

• negative reinforcement

• positive reinforcement

• classical conditioning

• operant conditioning

In classical conditioning, the learned response to a previously neutral (but now conditioned) stimulus (CS) is known as what?

• conditioned response (CR)

• conditioned stimulus (CS)

• classical conditioning

• unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

What type of learning involves an organism learning to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events?

• observational learning

• classical conditioning

• negative reinforcement

• operant conditioning

What is the term for the tendency of learned behavior to gradually revert to biologically predisposed patterns?

• Instinctive drift

• Observational learning

• Classical conditioning

• Spontaneous recovery

In operant conditioning, what is the schedule that reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals?

• Variable-ratio schedule

• Fixed-interval schedule

• Fixed-ratio schedule

• Variable-interval schedule