Naming acids

What is the name of HBr?

• bromic acid

• hydrobromic acid

• hydroxybromic acid

• hydroic acid

Answer explanation

HBr is the chemical formula for hydrobromic acid, which is a strong acid formed from hydrogen and bromine. The correct name is hydrobromic acid, distinguishing it from other bromine-containing acids.

What is the name of H₃PO₄?

• hydrophosphoric acid

• phosphorous acid

• phosphorhydroic acid

• phosphoric acid

Answer explanation

H3PO4 is commonly known as phosphoric acid. It is a triprotic acid used in various applications, distinguishing it from phosphorous acid (H3PO3) and other similar compounds.

What is the correct name of HClO₃?

• hydrochloric acid

• chloric acid

• chlorous acid

• hydrochlorous acid

Answer explanation

HClO3 is known as chloric acid. It contains chlorine in a +5 oxidation state, distinguishing it from hydrochloric acid (HCl) and chlorous acid (HClO2). Thus, the correct name for HClO3 is chloric acid.

Name the acid: HC₂H₃O₂

• Acetic Acid

• Acetous Acid

• Hydroacetic acid

• Acetate Acid

Answer explanation

The formula HC2H3O2 corresponds to acetic acid, commonly known as vinegar. It is the correct name for this compound, distinguishing it from the other options which are not standard names for this acid.

What is the name of HCrO₂?

• chromous acid

• chromate acid

• chlorous acid

• hydrochromous acid

Answer explanation

HCrO2 is known as chromous acid. The name reflects the oxidation state of chromium in the compound, which is +3. The other options do not correspond to this formula.

What is the formula for hydroiodic acid?

• H₂I

• HI₂

• HI

• IH

Answer explanation

The formula for hydroiodic acid is HI, which consists of one hydrogen atom and one iodine atom. The other options, H2I, HI2, and IH, do not correctly represent the composition of hydroiodic acid.

What is the formula for hydrocyanic acid?

• HCN

• HClO

• H₃CN₃

• HClO₃

Answer explanation

The formula for hydrocyanic acid is HCN, which consists of one hydrogen atom, one carbon atom, and one nitrogen atom. The other options do not represent hydrocyanic acid.

What is the formula for nitric acid?

• HNO₃

• HNO₂

• HNO

• H₃NO

Answer explanation

The formula for nitric acid is HNO₃, which consists of one nitrogen atom, three oxygen atoms, and one hydrogen atom. The other options represent different compounds: HNO₂ is nitrous acid, HNO is not a standard compound, and H₃NO is incorrect.

Select the formula for phosphoric acid.

• H₃PO₄

• H₃PO₃

• H₃P

• H₄PO₄

Answer explanation

The correct formula for phosphoric acid is H3PO4. This compound contains three hydrogen atoms, one phosphorus atom, and four oxygen atoms, distinguishing it from other phosphorus oxoacids.

What is the formula for perchloric acid?

• H₃ClO₃

• H₃ClO₄

• HClO₃

• HClO4

Answer explanation

The correct formula for perchloric acid is HClO4. It consists of one hydrogen (H), one chlorine (Cl), and four oxygen (O) atoms, distinguishing it from other similar compounds like HClO3.