Unit Five Review

mr. vanBreemen has so many memories of former students that he has difficulty remembering the names of new students, thus illustrating...

• retroactive interference

• proactive interference

• mood-congruent memory

• the spacing effect

• source amnesia

When witnesses of a car accident were asked how fast vehicles were going when they "smashed" into each other the day of the accident, they developed memories of the accident that...

• left out painful aspects of the event

• were more accurate than observers who were questioned days later

• were influenced by the presence of a police officer

• portrayed the accident as more serious than it had actually been

• demonstrated repression of significant aspects of the accident

The use of heuristics rather than algorithms is most likely to...

• save time in arriving at solutions to dilemmas

• yield more accurate solutions to dilemmas

• minimize the overconfidence phenomenon

• involve greater reliance on language skills

• avoid the issue of fixation

Noam Chomsky suggests language acquisition is facilitated by...

• an innate readiness to learn grammatical rules

• an ability to imitate words and grammar modeled by others

• the learned association of word sounds with various objects

• the positive reinforcement that adults give children for speaking correctly

• operant and classical conditioning techniques

Effortful processing of information...

• interferes with the capacity to think creatively

• cannot be easily suppressed

• can become automatic through practice

• occurs less frequently as people age

• takes place in the cerebellum

Hermann Ebbinghaus' learning curve best illustrates the value of...

• chunking

• imagery

• priming

• rehearsal

• implicit memory

An increase in synaptic firing that contributes to memory formation is known as...

• chunking

• the serial position effect

• automatic processing

• long-term potentiation

• proactive interference

Failing to consider or recognize an alternative option best illustrates the effects of _____ on problem solving.

• fixation

• heuristics

• algorithms

• framing

• overconfidence

People often mistakenly assume Bob is a basketball player because he is 6'7", thereby illustrating the impact of...

• confirmation bias

• belief perseverance

• representative heuristics

• availability heuristics

• framing

Lisa sold many more raffle tickets when she told potential buyers they had a 10% chance of winning than when she told others they had a 90% chance of losing, thus illustrating the impact of...

• a representative heuristic

• belief perseverance

• confirmation bias

• framing

• an availability heuristic