CH29 Proteins 1

What determines a protein's function?

• The sequence of amino acids

• The number of nucleotides

• The temperature at which it is stored

• The pH level of the solution it is in

What are proteins made of?

• Glycerol

• Amino acids

• Fatty acids

• Nucleotides

What is the main role of proteins in the body?

• Growth and maintenance of cells

• Act as a catalyst in reactions

• Store genetic information

• Provide energy

What are conjugated proteins?

• Proteins that include a metal ion

• Proteins that yield amino acids and at least one additional product upon hydrolysis

• Proteins that can replicate

• Proteins that yield only amino acids upon hydrolysis

What is the general structure of alpha amino acids?

• A carboxyl group, an amino group, and a variable R group

• Two hydroxyl groups and an ether linkage

• A phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base

• A glycerol backbone and three fatty acids

What is the significance of the R group in amino acids?

• It determines the nucleotide sequence

• It determines the lipid solubility

• It is always the same in every amino acid

• It determines the specific properties of the amino acid

What are essential amino acids?

• Amino acids that must be obtained through diet

• Amino acids that can be synthesized by the body

• Amino acids that are not necessary for health

• Amino acids that are only found in enzymes

What defines a complete protein?

• Contains all 20 amino acids

• Contains no amino acids

• Contains only nonpolar amino acids

• Contains all 10 essential amino acids

What is a peptide bond?

• A bond between two sugar molecules

• A bond between a fatty acid and glycerol

• A bond between two nucleotides

• A bond formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another

What is a dipeptide?

• A molecule made of two amino acids linked by a peptide bond

• A molecule made of two nucleotides

• A molecule made of two sugars

• A molecule made of two fatty acids