What is an indication that a planetary moon may have been captured?

it revolves in retrograde direction, opposite to the direction of planetary spin

it has a highly elliptical orbit

it has an orbit which is inclined to the equator of the host planet

What is the relationship between density and distance for the four Galilean moons of Jupiter?

density decreases with distance

density increases with increasing distance

density remains constant with distance

density first decreases and then increases with distance

Why is the innermost Galilean moon Io made mostly of rock while the outermost Galilean moon, Callisto made of a mixture of ice and rock?

Io formed close to Jupiter where the temperatures were too high for ices to form

Callisto was captured as it wandered in from the Kuiper Belt

Io once had ice on its surface which was vaporized away by volcanism

Callisto experience many impact by icy comets which built up a layer of ice on its surface

Compared to the moons of Jupiter, the moons of the more distant Jovian planets

are made completely of methane ice

contain a higher proportion of rock

are made of a mixture of rock and methane ice

contain higher overall proportions of water ice as well as methane and other ices

Like our own moon, many Jovian moons exhibit what is called synchronous rotation. This means that they rotate at the same rate

that the host planet orbits about the Sun

that all other moons around the host planet

Tidal friction between the Earth and the Moon causes

the Earth's rotation to slow gradually and the Moon to move gradually farther from the Earth

the Earth's rotation to slow gradually and the Moon to move gradually closer to the Earth

the Earth's rotation to quicken gradually and the Moon to move gradually farther from the Earth

the Earth's rotation to quicken gradually and the Moon to move gradually closer to the Earth

Io experiences strong internal tidal heating because of

the strong tidal force from the massive Jupiter combined with its elliptical orbit which causes the strength and direction of the force to constantly change

large amounts of radioactive decay occurring inside the moon

the large amount of internal heat left over from its formation

the strong tidal forces exerted by the outer Galilean moons, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto

Even though Jupiter's moon Io is similar in size to our geologically dead Moon, it is more geologically active than the Earth. How can this be?

Io is tidally heated due to its elliptical orbit, which causes the large tidal forces exerted by Jupiter to constantly change, flexing and distorting its interior

because Io orbits very close to Jupiter, it still has a lot of heat trapped inside from its formation

Io is tidally heated by tidal forces exerted by the outer Galilean moons, which flex and distort its interior

Io has much more radioactive decay occurring inside it than does the Earth

Why is Io's orbit about Jupiter slightly elliptical?

because of orbital resonances with the other three Galilean moons

because of tidal forces due to Jupiter

because of a giant impact which occurred in the past

Which of the following best describes the most likely internal structure of Europa?

thin icy crust, subsurface ocean of water, thick rocky mantle, central iron core

thin icy crust, subsurface ocean of water, thick iron mantle, central rocky core

thin icy crust, thick rocky mantle, central iron core

surface ocean of water, thick rocky mantle, central iron core

The lack of large impact craters on the surface of Europa is consistent with

a subsurface ocean of water because large impacts will break the thin crust causing water and slushy ice below to flood out and resurface the crust

active volcanism that is constantly resurfacing the crust

the surface being covered with an ocean of liquid water

the crust being so thick and hard that impacts leave no marks on the surface

Much of Europa's surface appears chaotic and clogged with huge iceberg-like blocks. This is consistent with

a thin icy crust that has been broken into pieces by tidal forces below which is a subsurface ocean of water

the surface thawing due to heat emitted by Jupiter

the breaking up of the surface due to plate tectonics

a giant impact that has recently shattered the crust into pieces

Perhaps the MOST convincing piece of evidence suggesting that Europa has a subsurface ocean is the

a fact that the magnetic field of Jupiter is able to induce a magnetic field in Europa consistent with a salty ocean beneath its crust

fact that calculations suggest that there is enough internal heat to keep the ice melted beneath the crust

lack of impact craters on its surface

observation of iceberg-like features on its surface

Which of the following is seen on the surface of Europa suggests the existence of a briny ocean below?

spectroscopic signatures of salts on the surface

eruptions of water onto the surface from below

pools of water seen on the surface

A mission that NASA is planning to launch between 2022 and 2025 will be able to confirm the presence of a subsurface ocean on Europa by using a

laser altimeter to detect the regular bulging of the thin icy crust on top of the ocean due to tidal forces

spectrometer to detect the spectral signature of liquid water at and beneath the surface

camera to observe the formation and breakup of icebergs on the surface

projectile to break the thin icy crust to reveal the water below

Which of the three key environmental requirements for life might Europa possess?

a source of elements and molecules from which to build living organisms

a source of energy for metabolism and growth

a liquid medium for transporting the molecules of life

The possibility of life in a Europan ocean probably rests on the question of whether there is enough energy in a useful form to support biology. Which of the following is NOT a consideration for supporting life in a Europan ocean?

Whether there is enough energy in a useful form to support biology

Whether there is enough water present

Whether there is enough raw materials to build biological molecules

Energy to support an origin of life in a Europan ocean would probably come from which of the following sources?

Sunlight filtering through the ice

Meteoroid impacts on the surface

Heat generated from Jupiter's magnetic field

Energy to support a reasonable total biomass of ongoing life in a Europan ocean would probably come from which of the following sources?

Organic material filtering down from the surface

Sunlight filtering through the ice

Meteoroid impacts on the surface

If life in the subsurface ocean beneath Europa's icy crust, if it exists, most likely originated close to volcanic vents on its ocean floor, which of the following is NOT a reason for this?

Close to volcanic vents on its ocean floor

On the surface and then migrated down into the ocean

Just below the surface of its thin icy crust where sunlight is still able to penetrate

Life in the subsurface ocean of Europa will most likely consist of which of the following?

Creatures similar to seals and penguins which enter the ocean through holes in the icy crust

Fish and other complex aquatic organisms

The complexity of any life present in Europa's subsurface ocean is mainly limited by the

amount of available energy to sustain it

average temperature of the water

amount of organic material present

Which of the following is the most convincing observation that suggests that like Europa, Ganymede may also have a subsurface ocean?

the detection of salts on the surface that may have been brought up from below the crust

the presence of young grooved terrain that may be the result of cryovolcanism

the fact that it is the largest moon in the solar system and, hence, should have plenty of internal heat to maintain liquid water beneath its surface

in addition to its internal magnetic field, Ganymede has a magnetic field induced by Jupiter which is consistent with a salty ocean beneath its crust

The Hubble Space Telescope has recently strengthened the case for a subsurface ocean on Ganymede by observing

a thin atmosphere of water vapor above the surface

changes in time of auroras surrounding the moon

jets of water erupting from the surface

In addition to being the largest moon in the solar system, Ganymede, the Galilean moon of Jupiter, is

the only moon to have its own internal magnetic field

the only moon to have its own atmosphere

more geologically active than the Earth

the only moon to show evidence for a subsurface ocean of water

What source of energy might keep an ocean beneath the surface of Ganymede liquid?

tidal heating and radioactive decay

heat released from its partially molten core

Which of the following would make finding life in an ocean beneath the surface of Ganymede more difficult than finding life in an ocean beneath the surface of Europa?

a thicker ice layer above the ocean

the presence of high-density forms ice at the bottom of any ocean

fewer nutrients transported down from the surface

What source of energy might keep an ocean beneath the surface of Callisto liquid?

tidal heating and radioactive decay

heat released from a partially molten core

Which Galilean moons of Jupiter show evidence for subsurface oceans of water beneath their icy crusts?

all four show evidence for subsurface oceans

Astro 115 Ch9 Quiz

80 questions

Show all answers

1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The first Jovian moons were discovered by

Galileo

Tycho

Huygens

Cassini

2.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The Jovian moons Ganymede and Titan are

larger than the Earth

larger than Mercury but smaller than the Earth

larger than the Moon but smaller than Mercury

about the same size as Mars

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The Jovian moons Io, Europa, Callisto and Triton are

larger than Pluto but smaller than Mercury

smaller than Pluto

about the same size as Pluto

larger than Pluto but smaller than the Moon

4.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is NOT a moon of Jupiter?

Ganymede

Callisto

Titan

Io

5.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is a moon of Neptune?

Titan

Triton

Europa

Ganymede

6.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The fact that many of the larger Jovian moons orbit nearly in the equatorial plane of their host world, moving in the same direction as their planet's spin, suggest that they

formed from a rotating disk of gas and dust like a miniature solar system

spun out from the rapidly spinning host world as it formed

formed elsewhere in the solar system and were later captured

were formed from a giant impact between the host world and another body

7.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Many of the smallest Jovian moons are most likely

captured asteroids and comets

captured objects from outside the solar system

small clumps of gas left over from the formation of the host planet

fragments of other moons

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Astro 115 Ch9

The first Jovian moons were discovered by

The Jovian moons Ganymede and Titan are

The Jovian moons Io, Europa, Callisto and Triton are

Which of the following is NOT a moon of Jupiter?

Which of the following is a moon of Neptune?

The fact that many of the larger Jovian moons orbit nearly in the equatorial plane of their host world, moving in the same direction as their planet's spin, suggest that they

Many of the smallest Jovian moons are most likely

What is an indication that a planetary moon may have been captured?

The largest Jovian moon that appears to have been captured is

Triton, the largest moon of Neptune was probably once

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