Wetlands Quiz

What are wetlands?

• Areas of high-lying land layered by deep water

• Areas of low-lying land layered by shallow water

• Urban areas with artificial water storage

• Mountainous regions with snow-fed streams

Which of the following is NOT a role of wetlands?

• Protecting water quality

• Providing water storage and infiltration

• Offering habitats for wildlife, fish, and plants

• Increasing urban heat islands

Peatlands are typically characterized by:

• High nutrient and rich wetlands with diverse tree species

• Low nutrient and acidic wetlands with shrubs and sphagnum mosses

• Flowing or standing water with emergent rushes, reeds, and sedges

• Stagnant water bodies found between marshes and lakes

Which type of wetland is known for being rich in nutrients and typically having emergent rushes, reeds, cattails, and sedges?

• Bogs

• Fens

• Marshes

• Shallow open water ponds

What is the main role of wetlands in flood prevention?

• To increase the speed of water flow during floods

• To absorb water into its surface and release it slowly over time

• To channel floodwater directly into urban areas

• To store water and release it quickly during dry seasons

By what percentage can the human and economic cost of flood damage be reduced with existing and restored wetlands, according to the Ontario ministry of natural Resources and Forestry, 2014?

• 18%

• 28%

• 38%

• 48%

What percentage of Ontario's surface area is covered by wetlands?

• 25%

• 35%

• 90%

• 65%

What is the main role of wetlands in stormwater management as recognized after the Hurricane Hazel 1954 Flood?

• Providing habitat for migratory birds

• Improving water quality

• Sequestering carbon

• Protection and rehabilitation for flood control

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of wetlands mentioned in the text?

• They act as a filter for surface runoff

• They store approximately 25% of the total peatland carbon in Canada

• They provide a habitat for migratory birds

• They release a large amount of greenhouse gases

What is the estimated peatland carbon balance per year in the North of Ontario?

• +1.6 million tonnes of carbon while losing -4.3 million tonnes of carbon via methane emissions

• +4.3 million tonnes of carbon while losing -1.6 million tonnes of carbon via methane emissions

• +1.6 million tonnes of carbon with no loss through methane emissions

• +4.3 million tonnes of carbon with no loss through methane emissions