American History Semester 2 Final Exam

1. One goal of the Marshall Plan was to

• make Germany pay costs for all the destruction it had caused in Europe.
• send troops to help European countries fight communism.
• make European countries strong enough to start buying American goods.
• give Europeans access to higher education in the United States

2. A cause of the events depicted in this cartoon was

• Cuban Missile Crisis and Bay of Pigs Invasion
• Berlin Blockade and airlift
• devastation of World War II in Europe
• development of the atomic bomb

3. Which United States effort is the Soviet Union responding to in this cartoon?

• a commitment to rebuild the League of Nations
• a plan to join with other nations to reduce military spending
• an effort to improve United States–Soviet relations
• an attempt to stabilize the economy of Western Europe

4. Based on this document, which statement best describes the illustrator’s perspective?

• The United States should ignore the need for European recovery
• USSR and United States are allies in the Cold War
• The Soviet Union is actively opposed to the Marshall Plan
• Stalin supports the Marshall Plan

5. In order to try to gain control over West Berlin, the Soviet Union

• set up a total blockade cutting off that section of the city.
• threatened the section of the city with troops and tanks.
• operated a massive airlift to bring in needed supplies.
• went to the United Nations and demanded control of that section of the city.

6. NATO and the Warsaw Pact were examples of

• military aggression during the Cold War.
• failed attempts to make peace.
• efforts to fight communism without bloodshed.
• military alliances made for “collective security.”

7. In 1950, what event began the conflict on the Korean peninsula?

• The Chinese army invaded south of the 38th parallel.
• The North Korean army invaded south of the 38th parallel.
• The South Korean army invaded north of the 38th parallel.
• U.N. forces fought off the invading army from the North.

8. The CIA participated in the Cold War by

• helping design efficient weapons systems.
• carrying out secret operations in other countries.
• spying on the Soviet Union.
• helping the president determine foreign policy.

9. These post–World War II events are most closely associated with the fear of • Alger Hiss conviction • Rosenberg trial• McCarthy hearings

• an increase in immigration from the Soviet Union
• labor conflicts in United States cities
• an expansion of communism into Cuba
• a communist threat inside the United States

10. The flight of the urban middle class to the suburbs

• opened more affordable housing units to the urban poor.
• generated new job and business opportunities in inner cities.
• hurt cities economically because the middle class paid a large share of the taxes.
• spurred urban renewal projects that led to greater economic development in downtown districts.