Final Exam Review 2024-2025

The Sumerians are credited with the creation of the first form of writing. What was it called?

• Hieroglyphics
• Cuneiform
• Latin
• Greek

What is the BEST explanation for why farming peoples like Egyptians and Sumerians, rather than hunter-gatherers, started the world’s first civilizations?

• Farmers were able to change their religion and by praying to the Gods they were able to accumulate more food.
• Hunter-gatherers were not able to communicate effectively with each other so they could not get food for themselves.
• Hunter-gatherers were not able to travel fast enough to find their food and they did not have any tools to help them.
• Farmers were able to accumulate surpluses to support large, permanent settlements and people who worked at non-farming jobs.

How did the geography of Greece impact settlement and government?

• The mountains separated the city-states allowing each to form their own unique culture and form of government.
• The river valleys brought all of the city-states into one region causing conflict over land.
• The mountains pushed all of the city-states to form in the center of the Greek peninsula causing conflict over land.
• The extensive river valleys allowed all of the Greek city-states to form their own unique government and culture.

How was the republic of Rome different from the direct democracy of ancient Athens?

• The Roman republic allowed all male citizens to vote on laws.
• The Roman republic allowed all male citizens to vote for representatives.
• The Roman republic allowed male and female citizens to vote for representatives.
• The Roman republic allowed kings and queens to make decisions.

What is a challenge from the Crusades that still causes international conflict today?

• Religious conflict over the Holy Land in the Middle East.
• Trade route conflict over the Middle East.
• Oil conflict in the Middle East.
• UN conflict in the Middle East.

How did the Black Death impact Europe?

• The Black Death was a horrible war that killed thousands of Europeans.
• The Black Death was a horrible plague that killed thousands of Europeans.
• The Black Death caused thousands of Europeans to lose their homes.
• The Black Death caused thousands of Europeans to leave Europe.

What principles from the Roman “rule of law” do we use in our legal system today?

• Treat others the way you want to be treated.
• Everyone is equal under the law, and is entitled to justice.
• Treat others nicely only if they are nice to you.
• Everyone is not equal, and some citizens are above the law.

What was the feudal system?

• A system that ancient Romans used to protect their people.
• A system that did not help Rome after the fall of Rome.
• A system where lords exchange protection for loyalty and service.
• A system that caused the Black Death to spread across Europe.

Which of the following had the greatest influence on the lives of most Europeans during the Middle Ages?

• Towns and trade
• The King
• Religion and the Church
• Universities

Why do some people consider the Magna Carta to represent the beginning of democracy in England?

• It gave the people of England freedom to decide if they wanted to follow the law.
• It gave the people of England rights and made the king follow the same laws as the people.
• It gave the United States a democracy not England.
• It gave the United States several rights that went into our Constitution.