2nd Semester Exam - Ch 20 Science and Exploration

Which event challenged old views and led to questioning of ancient authoritative texts?

• Columbus's voyage
• The Protestant Reformation
• The Renaissance
• The Black Death

What methodology was not common before the Scientific Revolution?

• Experimentation
• Observation
• Rational thinking
• Reliance on ancient authorities

Which scientist introduced laws of motion and gravity in his work 'Principia Mathematica' in 1687?

• Isaac Newton
• Johannes Kepler
• Galileo Galilei
• Nicolaus Copernicus

What does the term 'science' originate from?

• French for technology
• Latin for knowledge
• Greek for wisdom
• Arabic for discovery

How did the discoveries made by European explorers alter their perspectives on geography and the world?

• They understood the Americas were separate from Asia
• They discovered a direct land route to Asia
• They realized the Earth was flat
• They believed Asia was closer than previously thought

Which Portuguese explorer established a navigation school and observatory, enhancing maritime skills?

• Prince Henry the Navigator
• Christopher Columbus
• Vasco da Gama
• Ferdinand Magellan

What technological advances enabled European explorers to navigate distant lands?

• Telescope and microscope
• Gunpowder and cannon
• Astrolabe and compass
• Steam engine and printing press

What was one of the key aspects of the Columbian Exchange?

• Introduction of new technologies
• Development of new economic policies
• Transfer of plants and animals
• Spread of Christianity

What economic system is driven by private businesses and competition?

• Feudalism
• Communism
• Capitalism
• Socialism

Which economic policy focused on wealth accumulation through colonies?

• Capitalism
• Mercantilism
• Socialism
• Communism