03.13 - Affirmative Action Quiz

What is the primary goal of affirmative action as discussed in the document?

• To enforce strict racial quotas in employment and education

• To diversify institutions by race, gender, or otherwise

• To decrease government intervention in private businesses

• To eliminate all forms of discrimination immediately

Which U.S. President issued an executive order requiring federal contractors to take affirmative action?

• President Kennedy

• President Johnson

• President Nixon

• President Carter

Which landmark decision is suggested that government and institutions should follow, according to one school of thought mentioned in the document?

• Plessy v. Ferguson

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Roe v. Wade

• Marbury v. Madison

What was the main issue addressed in the Regents of the University of California v. Bakke case of 1978?

• The constitutionality of the Voting Rights Act

• The UC Davis medical school's admission policy

• The legality of minimum wage laws

• The federal regulations on environmental protection

What did Allan Bakke argue was violated by the UC Davis medical school's admission policy?

• Freedom of speech

• Equal protection clause

• Right to privacy

• Labor laws

How do some Supreme Court justices (anti-affirmative action) view the Constitution in relation to affirmative action?

• As supporting racial classifications to help minorities

• As being colorblind and opposing racial classifications

• As flexible to accommodate modern societal needs

• As a document that supports economic equality

What term do institutions use to refer to numeric standards in affirmative action policies?

• Benchmarks

• Targets

• Goals

• Quotas

What was the primary outcome of the Bakke case regarding affirmative action?

• It established mandatory quotas for all government institutions.

• It declared all forms of affirmative action unconstitutional.

• It upheld affirmative action but ruled against hard numeric quotas.

• It allowed unrestricted use of race in college admissions.

In the 2016 Supreme Court ruling, under what condition were race-based admissions at the University of Texas deemed permissible?

• Only if they included numeric quotas.

• Under strict judicial scrutiny without quotas.

• When all applicants were of the same academic level.

• If it only applied to graduate programs.

What significant change did the Supreme Court's decision in Students for Fair Admissions (SFFA) v. Harvard (6:2) and Students for Fair Admissions v. University of North Carolina (6:3) bring about in 2023?

• It allowed colleges to use race as one of many factors in admissions.

• It banned the consideration of race in college admissions.

• It required colleges to implement numeric quotas for minority students.

• It mandated an increase in diversity training for admissions officers.