APES Unit 1 URP

What is the relationship in mutualism between the two organisms involved?

• Both organisms are harmed

• One organism benefits and the other is unaffected

• Both organisms benefit

• One organism benefits and the other is harmed

What adaptation allows mangrove trees to tolerate the salinity levels of estuaries?

• Salt-excreting leaves

• Deep root systems

• Thick, waxy leaves

• Floating seeds

Why are estuaries considered highly biodiverse ecosystems?

• They have stable and constant environmental conditions

• They are isolated from human impact

• They provide a transition zone between marine and terrestrial environments

• They are nutrient-poor environments

Why is the atmosphere considered a significant carbon reservoir?

• It contains minimal amounts of carbon dioxide.

• It acts as a primary source of carbon for terrestrial ecosystems.

• It stores a large amount of carbon dioxide, impacting global climate.

• It has no significant role in carbon storage.

What is the difference between a carbon source and a carbon sink?

• A carbon source absorbs more carbon than it releases, while a sink releases more.

• A carbon source releases more carbon than it absorbs, while a sink absorbs more.

• Both carbon sources and sinks release carbon equally.

• Both carbon sources and sinks absorb carbon equally.

Identify a common example of a carbon source and a carbon sink.

• Source: Ocean, Sink: Forest

• Source: Forest, Sink: Automobiles

• Source: Volcanoes, Sink: Ocean

• Source: Automobiles, Sink: Volcanoes

How does carbon released from burning fossil fuels differ in its effect on atmospheric carbon levels compared to carbon from cellular respiration?

• Fossil fuels release carbon more slowly, causing gradual increases in atmospheric carbon.

• Carbon from cellular respiration is more likely to remain in the atmosphere permanently.

• Fossil fuels add significantly more carbon to the atmosphere, enhancing the greenhouse effect.

• Cellular respiration contributes more to global warming than burning fossil fuels.

What is the primary productivity in an ecosystem?

• The rate at which solar energy is converted into chemical energy by autotrophs

• The rate at which plants absorb carbon dioxide

• The rate at which animals consume plants

• The rate at which energy is lost as heat in an ecosystem

What units are used to measure primary productivity?

• Joules per square meter

• Kilocalories per square meter per year

• Grams of Carbon per square meter per year

• Liters of water per square meter per year

What formula is used to calculate Net Primary Productivity (NPP)?

• NPP = GPP - R

• NPP = GPP + R

• NPP = GPP / R

• NPP = GPP * R