IGCSE U10 atoms and radioactivity

Which term describes the continuous low-level radiation that exists in the environment from natural and artificial sources?

• a) Background radiation
• b) Chain reaction
• c) Nuclear explosion
• d) Nuclear fusion

What process involves the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei into lighter nuclei, accompanied by the release of energy?

• a) Nuclear explosion
• b) Nuclear fusion
• c) Spontaneous fission
• d) Nuclear fission

What term refers to the products formed as a result of nuclear fission?

• a) Fission products
• b) Chain reaction
• c) Alpha particle
• d) Nuclear fusion

Which of the following is a type of radiation consisting of two protons and two neutrons?

• a) Beta particle
• b) Gamma ray
• c) Alpha particle
• d) Neutron

What type of reaction powers the sun and other stars, where light atomic nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei?

• a) Nuclear explosion
• b) Nuclear fission
• c) Spontaneous fission
• d) Nuclear fusion

How is the energy produced in a nuclear reactor measured in terms of its biological effect on humans?

• a) Sieverts
• b) Activity
• c) Chain reaction
• d) Spontaneous fission

What term describes the self-sustaining reaction in which the products of one reaction initiate further reactions?

• a) Alpha particle
• b) Nuclear explosion
• c) Chain reaction
• d) Nuclear fusion

What process involves the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei without the presence of an external stimulus?

• a) Nuclear explosion
• b) Nuclear fusion
• c) Spontaneous fission
• d) Nuclear fission

Which term describes the rate at which a radioactive substance decays, measured in disintegrations per unit time?

• a) Fission products
• b) Activity
• c) Sieverts
• d) Alpha particle

What term refers to a sudden release of energy caused by a rapid nuclear reaction?

• a) Nuclear explosion
• b) Nuclear fusion
• c) Chain reaction
• d) Alpha particle