Biology LEAP Review: Genetics and Heredity

The backbone of a DNA molecule is made from a 5 carbon ​ (a)   and a ​ (b)   group.

• lipid
• hydrogen bond
• nitrogen base
• sugar
• phosphate
• protein

What are the four nitrogen bases found in DNA?

• adenine

• guanine

• cytosine

• thymine

• uracil

DNA is made up of a sugar called (a)   , a ​ (b)   group and ​ (c)   bases.

• sucrose
• glucose
• deoxyribose
• fructose
• phosphate
• nitrogen

What are the building blocks for DNA?

• carbohydrates
• nucleotides
• lipids
• proteins

Match the nitrogenous base with the correct base pairing rules:

• adenine

• adenine

• Thymine

• guanine

• Cytosine

• Uracil

Match the following codons with their complimentary side of DNA:

• GGT

• CCA

• TAC

• GTA

• CAT

• ACT

• TGA

• TCA

• AGT

• ATG

The first step to protein synthesis is ​ (a)   where the goal is (b)   . The second step is ​ (c)   and the goal is ​ (d)   .

• to make ribosomes
• to make nucleus
• to make mRNA
• transcription
• translation
• to make a protein

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Match the term with its definition:

• polypeptide

• carries the code from the nucleus

• Nucleotides

• Repeated subunits of DNA

• mRNA

• Splits DNA into codons to read the code

• Ribosome

• transports the amino acid to the code

• tRNA

• a chain of amino acids

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Match the term with its definition:

• the basic unit to pass on a trait

• diploid

• half the number (n) chromosomes

• alleles

• two sets of chromosomes (2n)

• chromosomes

• threadlike structure of DNA

• gene

• Variations of a trait

• haploid

Match the term with its definition:

• phenotype

• the physical trait expressed

• karyotype

• a chart that shows the chromosomes of an individual

• dominant

• the trait that is only expressed in the homozygous state

• genotype

• the genetic makeup of a trait

• recessive

• the trait that is always expressed

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1