Urinary System Quiz

What are two major functions that the excretory system will perform?

• Maintain osmotic balance and remove metabolic wastes

• Remove metabolic waste and remove digestive waste

• Regulate blood pressure and control body temperature

• Synthesize proteins and degrade carbohydrates

Besides the kidneys, which other organs are part of the excretory system? Select two.

• Skin and liver

• Heart and brain

• Stomach and pancreas

• Muscles and bones

What is a nephron?

• The functional unit of the kidney

• A type of cell in the brain

• The tube that takes urine to the bladder

• A muscle fiber in the kidney

What substances are found in the filtrate in Bowman's capsule? Choose three.

• Water, glucose, and vitamins

• Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

• Hormones, enzymes, and bile

• Cholesterol, fats, and proteins

From the proximal tubule, name at least three substances that are reabsorbed.

• NaCl, water, and glucose

• Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen

• Vitamins A, D, and K

• Hemoglobin, myoglobin, and collagen

What will be secreted into the nephron, specifically moving into the proximal tubule?

• H+ and ammonium ions

• Calcium and phosphate ions

• Sodium and potassium ions

• Bicarbonate and chloride ions

What is primarily reabsorbed in the descending limb of the loop of Henle?

• NaCl

• H2O

• Bicarbonate

• Ammonium

In the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, what substance is mentioned as moving from a high concentration in the filtrate to a low concentration in the interstitial fluid?

• Water

• Potassium

• Urea

• NaCl

How does the urine concentration of a dehydrated individual compare to that of a well-hydrated individual?

• More dilute

• Less concentrated

• More concentrated

• No difference

What substances are reabsorbed from the distal convoluted tubule into the interstitial fluid?

• NaCl, water, and bicarbonate

• H+, ammonium, and potassium

• Urea and water

• NaCl and potassium