China Under Ming and Qing Rule

What was the primary reason for China's shift from a maritime to a land-based empire during the Ming dynasty?

• The lack of resources

• The threat of European invasion

• The focus on internal threats and opportunities

• The desire to engage more with foreign traders

Which of the following philosophies is mentioned as shaping the Chinese society during the Ming and Qing rule?

• Confucianism and legalism

• Buddhism and Taoism

• Marxism and capitalism

• Realism and idealism

What unique aspect of Chinese dynastic leaders is highlighted in the document?

• They ignored societal changes

• They were influenced by external empires

• They responded to unique forces for change

• They maintained strict traditional policies

What was a constant threat to the Ming Emperors besides the Mongols?

• European invaders

• Pastoralist peoples from Central Asia

• Internal rebellions

• Natural disasters

What did the Yongle Emperor commission Zheng He to do?

• Lead a trading fleet into the Indian Ocean

• Invade Central Asia

• Build the largest fleet in Europe

• Establish a new capital

What was the impact of the population growth under Ming rule by the 1430s?

• Decreased need for a large bureaucracy

• Increased focus on agricultural development

• Necessitated a large bureaucracy to manage the population

• Led to a decrease in external trade

What was one of the reasons the Ming state was considered prosperous during its rule?

• They had a large army.

• They had significant technological advancements.

• Some of the world's greatest literature came from China.

• They had a powerful navy.

What major problem did the Ming emperors face that affected the empire's stability?

• Frequent invasions from neighboring countries.

• Economic and political problems due to cultural achievements.

• Heavy tax burdens on peasants and factional divisions among bureaucrats.

• Lack of natural resources.

Who were the Manchus and what role did they play in the history of China?

• They were a group of scholars who influenced cultural developments.

• They were invaders who eventually established the Qing Dynasty.

• They were allies of the Ming dynasty who helped in administrative reforms.

• They were traders who brought new goods to China.

What was one of the popular measures taken by the Kangxi Emperor during the Qing Dynasty?

• He increased taxes significantly.

• He decreased the size of his army to keep costs low.

• He banned all foreign technologies.

• He expanded the empire's territory aggressively.