Methods of Sciences and Philosophy Quiz

What are the identifying characteristics of a scientific investigation into the universe?

• Focused on subjective interpretations

• Based on metaphysical theories

• Empirical, aims at objective knowledge, seeks quantitative descriptions, heuristically structured

• Always involves religious insights

What is the main difference between scientific investigation and philosophical investigation?

• Scientific investigation uses quantitative descriptions, while philosophical investigation uses qualitative descriptions

• Scientific investigation is based on empirical evidence, while philosophical investigation is based on faith

• Scientific investigation aims at objective knowledge, while philosophical investigation focuses on subjective interpretations

• Scientific investigation is always heuristically structured, while philosophical investigation is not

What is the main focus of philosophical Cosmology?

• Exploring religious beliefs

• Analyzing the material world from the perspective of change

• Understanding the laws of physics

• Studying the principles of chemistry

What is the methodology of philosophical Cosmology?

• It applies metaphysical first principles to primary sense-data to arrive at truths about the material world

• It progresses from particular truths to universal metaphysical truths

• It relies solely on abstract deductions from first principles

• It focuses on empirical evidence to draw conclusions

What is the role of categories in scientific investigation?

• Categories are univocal and have stipulative definitions based on empirical evidence

• Categories are subjective and vary among practitioners

• Categories are metaphysical and not applicable to the material world

• Categories are irrelevant in scientific investigation

What is the main goal of scientific investigation?

• To confirm theories through observation and measurement

• To establish religious beliefs

• To reject empirical evidence

• To prove philosophical theories

What is the significance of quantifiability in scientific investigation?

• Quantifiability is based on subjective interpretations

• Quantifiability is only important in philosophical investigation

• Scientists reject ideas that cannot be measured

• Quantifiability is irrelevant in science

How does scientific investigation differ from philosophical investigation in terms of starting points?

• Scientific investigation does not have a specific starting point

• Scientific investigation has a universal starting point, while philosophical investigation has diverse starting points

• Scientific investigation and philosophical investigation have the same starting point

• Scientific investigation has multiple starting points, while philosophical investigation has a single starting point

How does philosophical Cosmology justify induction?

• By abstract deductions from first principles

• By applying metaphysical first principles to primary sense-data

• By relying on empirical evidence

• By rejecting scientific laws