Review 1

A student wrote the following program to remove all occurrences of the strings "the" and "a" from the list wordList. While debugging the program, the student realizes that the loop never terminates. Which of the following changes can be made so that the program works as intended?

• Inserting index ← index + 1 between lines 6 and 7

• Inserting index ← index + 1 between lines 7 and 8

• Inserting index ← index - 1 between lines 6 and 7

• Inserting index ← index - 1 between lines 7 and 8

The transmission control protocol (TCP) and Internet protocol (IP) are used in Internet communication. Which of the following best describes the purpose of these protocols?

• To ensure that communications between devices on the Internet are above a minimum transmission speed

• To ensure that private data is inaccessible to unauthorized devices on the Internet

• To establish a common standard for sending messages between devices on the Internet

• To validate the ownership of encryption keys used in Internet communication

Consider the following spinner, which is used to determine how pieces are to be moved on a game board. The region labeled "Move 1 space" is six times as large as each of the other two regions.

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An Internet user has a need to send private data to another user. Which of the following provides the most security when transmitting private data?

• Certifying the data with a Creative Commons license before sending it

• Sending the data using a high-bandwidth connection

• Sending the data using public-key encryption

• Sending the data using redundant routing

The following procedure is intended to return true if at least two of the three parameters are equal in value and is intended to return false otherwise. For which of the following procedure calls does the procedure NOT return the intended value?

• AnyPairs ("bat", "cat", "rat")

• AnyPairs ("bat", "bat", "rat")

• AnyPairs ("bat", "cat", "bat")

• AnyPairs ("bat", "cat", "cat")

In the following program, assume that the variable n has been initialized with an integer value. Which of the following is NOT a possible value displayed by the program?

• too high

• in range

• too low

• out of range

The following algorithm is intended to determine the average height, in centimeters, of a group of people in a room. Each person has a card, a pencil, and an eraser. Step 2 of the algorithm is missing.

Step 1: All people stand up.

Step 2: (missing step)

Step 3: Each standing person finds another standing person and they form a pair. If a person cannot find an unpaired standing person, that person remains standing and waits until the next opportunity to form pairs.

Step 4: In each pair, one person hands their card to the other person and sits down.

Step 5: At this point, the standing person in each pair is holding two cards. The standing person in each pair replaces the top number on their card with the sum of the top numbers on the two cards and replaces the bottom number on their card with the sum of the bottom numbers on the two cards. The sitting partner’s card is discarded.

Step 6: Repeat steps 3–5 until there is only one person standing.

Step 7: The last person standing divides the top number by the bottom number to determine the average height.

Which of the following can be used as step 2 so that the algorithm works as intended?

• Step 2: Each person writes their height, in centimeters, at the top of the card and writes the number 1 at the bottom of the card.

• Step 2: Each person writes their height, in centimeters, at the top of the card and writes the number 2 at the bottom of the card.

• Step 2: Each person writes the number 1 at the top of the card and writes their height, in centimeters, at the bottom of the card.

• Step 2: Each person writes the number 2 at the top of the card and writes their height, in centimeters, at the bottom of the card.

Which of the following actions are likely to be helpful in reducing the digital divide?

• Designing new technologies intended only for advanced users

• Designing new technologies to be accessible to individuals with different physical abilities

• Implementing government regulations restricting citizens’ access to Web content

• Having world governments support the construction of network infrastructure

The following question uses a robot in a grid of squares. The robot is represented by a triangle, which is initially facing toward the top of the grid. Which of the following code segments will move the robot to the gray square along the path indicated by the arrows?

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The figure below shows two possible network configurations for devices P through V. A line between two devices indicates a connection. Devices can communicate only through the connections shown. In configuration I, what is the minimum number of connections that must be broken or removed before device T can no longer communicate with device U?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four