Unit 5 World Hist Pap

During the nineteenth century, several European powers pursued a policy of imperialism in Africa and Asia. What was one important effect of European imperialism in Africa?

• A. African natural resources were exploited by colonial powers.

• B. Working conditions for the majority of people of Africa improved.

• C. The African economy became dependent on the export of manufactured goods.

• D. Europeans recognized the superiority of African culture.

Which factor created favorable conditions for the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain?

• A. A low rural population in central England

• B. The presence of large oil reserves in the North Sea

• C. Large deposits of iron and coal in England

• D. An abundance of grain and livestock in southern Scotland

A key principle of the system of free enterprise is the —

• A. production of war materials by governments

• B. organization of workers into unions

• C. government ownership of most property

• D. private ownership of businesses

Use the chart and your knowledge of Social Studies to answer the following question. These documents are similar in that each established a system in which —

• A. an individual was granted freedom from taxation

• B. rulers were responsible to the people they governed

• C. the lawmaking process was controlled by religious leaders

• D. the power of the leader of government came directly from God

The writings of Baron Charles de Montesquieu exercised great influence on the framers of the U.S. Constitution. Which idea of Montesquieu's was most influential?

• The powers of government must be placed in separate branches to serve as a check against tyranny.

• A government should express the general will of the people it governs.

• Citizens have a right and duty to challenge the actions of a tyrannical king.

• A government must work to protect its citizens’ natural rights, including their right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Which individual successfully fought to end the slave trade?

• John Locke

• Napoleon Bonaparte

• William Wilberforce

• Woodrow Wilson

Use your knowledge of Social Studies to answer the following question. Which common ideal was shared by all of these revolutions:

American Revolution (1775–1783), French Revolution (1789–1799),

Greek Independence Movement (1822–1830),

Independence Movements of Latin America (1810–1825), Revolutions of 1830 in France, Belgium, and Poland, and Revolutions of 1848 in France, Italy, Germany, and Hungary?

• nationalism

• popular sovereignty

• industrialization

• separation of powers

Use the excerpts and your knowledge of Social Studies to answer the following question:

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal ..." — The Declaration of Independence (1776);

"No State shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." — Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, Section 1;

"All [people] are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to the equal protection of the law." — Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 7, (1948).

Which of the following exercised the most influence on the central idea of these documents?

• the Judeo-Christian legal tradition

• the sayings of Mohammed in the Quran

• the absolutist doctrine of the “divine right of kings”

• the communist theory of class struggle

Use the oath and your knowledge of Social Studies to answer the following question:

On August 15, 1805, the young Simón Bolívar swore this oath in Rome before two friends: "I swear before you; I swear on the God of my parents; I swear on them; I swear on my country that I shall not give rest to my body or soul until I have broken the chains with which Spanish power oppresses us."

In this oath, the South American leader Simón Bolívar most clearly resembles the —

• North American colonists challenging British rule

• French bourgeoisie challenging hereditary privilege

• Russian people resisting Napoleon’s invasion

• British merchants opposing the slave trade

These developments contributed most directly to the —

• Renaissance

• Reformation

• Columbian Exchange

• Industrial Revolution