Psychological Research Basics

In a research study, what is the purpose of a null hypothesis?

What is a potential drawback of using self-selected sampling in research?

What is a key advantage of the repeated measures design?

A study that observes and records behaviors without any intervention or manipulation is an example of:

• Experimental research

• Observational research

• Case study research

• Cross-sectional research

What research method involves analyzing the content of documents, texts, or media to identify patterns or themes?

• Case studies

• Surveys

• Content analysis

• Experiments

Which research method allows for the manipulation of an independent variable and the observation of its effects on a dependent variable?

• Observational studies

• Case studies

• Correlational research

• Experiments

A sample in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected is known as:

• Stratified sampling

• Convenience sampling

• Systematic sampling

• Random sampling

What level of measurement allows for the ranking of data and has equal intervals between values, but lacks an absolute zero point?

• Nominal data

• Ordinal data

• Interval data

• Ratio data

Which sampling method involves selecting participants based on their availability or proximity to the researcher?

• Random sampling

• Systematic sampling

• Opportunity sampling

• Stratified sampling

The standard deviation is a measure of:

• Central tendency

• Dispersion

• Correlation

• Frequency