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A dangerous phenomenon,

substance, human activity

or condition that may cause

loss of life, injury or other

health impacts, property

damage, loss of livelihoods

and services, social and

economic disruption, or

environmental damage.

• involves uncertainty about

the effects/implications of

an activity with respect to

something that humans

value (such as health, well-

being, wealth, property or

the environment), often

focusing on negative,

undesirable

consequences.

• A serious disruption of the

functioning of a community or

a society involving

widespread human, material,

economic, or environmental

losses and impacts which

exceeds the ability of the

affected community or

society to cope using its own

resources.

• are naturally occurring physical

phenomena caused either by rapid or

slow onset events which can be

geophysical (earthquakes, landslides,

tsunamis and volcanic activity),

hydrological (avalanches and floods),

climatological (extreme temperatures,

drought and wildfires), meteorological

(cyclones and storms/wave surges) or

biological (disease epidemics and

insect/animal plagues).

outbreaks of

epidemic diseases, plant or

animal contagion, insect or

other animal plagues and

infestations.

Include internal earth processes,

such as earthquakes, volcanic

activity and emissions, and

related geophysical processes

such as mass movements,

landslides, rockslides, surface

collapses, and debris or

mudflows.

Include tropical cyclones (also known

as typhoons and hurricanes),

thunderstorms, hailstorms, tornados,

blizzards, heavy snowfall, avalanches,

coastal storm surges, floods including

flash floods, drought, heatwaves and

cold spells. Hydrometeorological

conditions also can be a factor in other

hazards such as landslides, wildland

fires, locust plagues, epidemics, and in

the transport and dispersal of toxic

substances and volcanic eruption

material.

a hazard originating from technological

or industrial conditions, including

accidents, dangerous procedures,

infrastructure failures, or specific human

activities.

is the application of disaster risk reduction policies and

strategies, to prevent new disaster risks, reduce existing

disaster risks, and manage residual risks, contributing to the

strengthening of resilience and reduction of losses

actually eliminate or

reduce the probability of disaster

occurrence or reduce the effects of

unavoidable disasters. Mitigation

measures include building codes;

vulnerability analyses updates; zoning

and land use management; building use

regulations and safety codes; preventive

health care; and public education.